influences to phenotypes
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4 Terms
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genetic material (genes)
• Genes carry the instructions necessary for the creation of proteins
• These proteins, once created, will interact with each other and will contribute to the overall phenotype of the organism
• These proteins, once created, will interact with each other and will contribute to the overall phenotype of the organism
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environment
• Environmental factors such as temperature, nutrition, and sunlight affect phenotype
• They might directly affect physical appearance (e.g. dying hair a new colour) or affect the performance of proteins (e.g. tyrosinase in Himalayan rabbits)
• They might directly affect physical appearance (e.g. dying hair a new colour) or affect the performance of proteins (e.g. tyrosinase in Himalayan rabbits)
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epigenetics
• Environmental factors can cause epigenetic modifications
• These epigenetic modifications influence levels of transcription of a gene, often by methylation or histone modification
• By affecting transcription, epigenetic modifications influence how much of a protein product is made
• These epigenetic modifications influence levels of transcription of a gene, often by methylation or histone modification
• By affecting transcription, epigenetic modifications influence how much of a protein product is made
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proportionate heritability
where an organism’s phenotype is explained partly by genes and partly by environmental factors