Tox Exam 3 - Drug Metabolism

What catalyzes:

CH₃ → C-OH

CYP

What catalyzes:

Phenyl → Phenol

OR

Phenyl → Epoxide Phenol

CYP

What catalyzes:

N-CH → [ N- C-OH ] → NH + O=<

What is the name of this intermediate?

CYP

Hemiacetal Intermediate

What catalyzes:

O-CH → [O-C-OH] → -OH + O=<

What is the name of this intermediate?

CYP

Hemiacetal Intermediate

What catalyzes:

S-CH → [S-C-OH] → -SH + O=<

What is the name of this intermediate?

CYP

Hemiacetal Intermediate

What catalyzes:

CH-Cl₃ → O=Cl₂

CYP

What catalyzes:

O=C-O- (ester) → COOH

CYP

What catalyzes:

CH-NH₂ → C=O + NH₃

CYP

What catalyzes:

-NH → -N-OH

CYP

What catalyzes:

-NH₂ → -NH-OH

CYP OR FMO

What catalyzes:

-C-N-C- → C-NO-C

FMO

What catalyzes:

-SH → S-OH

FMO

What catalyzes:

-S- → S=O

FMO

What catalyzes:

CH₂ - NH₂ → O=<^H + NH₃ + H₂O₂

MAO

What catalyzes:

-OH → O=<^H + NADH

ADH

What catalyzes:

O=<^H → O=<^OH + NADH

ALDH

What catalyzes:

Epoxide → Open epoxide with two OH groups

EH

What catalyzes:

O=< → OH<^H

AKR/SDR

What catalyzes this picture:

UGT

What catalyzes this picture?

SULT

What catalyzes this picture?

GST

What catalyzes this picture?

NAT

What catalyzes this picture?

Methyltransferase

What catalyzes this picture?

Superoxide Dismutase

What catalyzes this picture?

Catalse

What catalyzes this picture?

Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx)

What is the cofactor for CYP

NADPH, O2, H+

What is the cofactor for FMO

NADPH, O2, H+

What is the cofactor for MAO

H2O, O2

What is the cofactor for ADH

NAD+

What is the cofactor for ALDH?

NAD+

What is the cofactor for AKR/SDR?

NADPH

What is the cofactor for EH?

H2O

What is the cofactor for UGT?

UDPGA

What is the cofactor for SULT?

PAPS

What is the cofactor for GST?

GSH

What is the cofactor for NAT?

Acetyl CoA

What is the cofactor for Methyltransferase?

SAM

What is the main organ for metabolism?

Liver

What is the general reaction for CYP?

RH + NADPH + H⁺ + O₂ → ROH + NADP⁺ + H₂O

In CYP1A3:

What is the individual subfamily?

What is the Gene family?

What is the subfamily?

Individual Subfamily = 3

Gene Family = 1

Subfamily = A

Where is CYP located?

ER

What is the significance of Acetaminophen and Imipramine when it comes to CYP metabolism?

They both have overlapping isoform metabolism, but imipramine has a different mechanism based on the catalyst

What is the major difference between CYP and FMO?

CYP requires Heme, whereas FMO does not

Phenobarbital and Carbamazepine are two major what for CYP?

Enzyme Inducers

Dihydroxybergamotin is found in grapefruit juice, what does this do to CYP?

It inhibits it.

Sort the following acronyms in order of Best at metabolizing to worst.

PM,IM,UM,EM

Which acronym represents the most common in population?

Which acronym(s) would you have to adjust the dose for? Up or down?

UM, EM, IM, PM

EM represents the most in population

UM and PM require dose adjustments. UM may mean a higher dose, PM may require a lower dose.