Chapter 15 ANP II quiz cardset

what is the nervous system, simply put

the communicator for the body; messaging

what are the “messages/communication”

APs or neural impulses

CNS consists of

brain and spinal cord

PNS contains

everything else

What are the two divisions of the PNS

Motor and sensory division

sensory -

feeling

motor -

movement/reaction to a feeling | crying, walking, etc.

what are the two parts in the motor division

autonomic and somatica

autonomic (ANS) -

reflex movements
no control (involuntary)
smooth muscle/cardiac muscle, glands

somatic (SNS) -

skeletal muscles
mostly under voluntary control

Polygraphs measure:

BP
heart rate
respiration
skin conductivity

Two main divisions of the autonomic NS? (include the 3rd)

sympathetic and parasympathetic and enteric

Sympathetic -

fight or flights division
- faster breathing
- raise heart rate
- no digestion

parasympathetic -

rest and digest
- lower BP

- constrict airways

- digest more

do most organs receive nerves from both divisions of the ANS?

yes, this is dual innvervation

Enteric NS

• gut brain

  • controls the GI tract and glands

Sympathetic system will favor and reduce what

reduce body functions that store energy
favor functions that support vigorous physical activity and ATP production

what is a physical and mental stress for the sympathetic NS?

physical: exercise
mental: fear, embarrassment, anger, etc.

what does the parasympathetic NS prioritize? (SLUDD)

salivation
lacrimation
urination
digestion
defecation

dual innervation -

when an organ receives innervation from both divisions of the autonomic nervous system.

autonomic tone -

the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity

what regulates autonomic tone -

hypothalamus in the brain

what are the dual innervation exceptions (KM[bv]SS)

kidney
most blood vessels
spleen
sweat glands

pathway of the somatic nervous system

1. spinal cord

2. somatic motor neuron

3. effector

pathway of the autonomic nervous system

1. spinal cord

2. motor neuron

   1. with autonomic ganglion

3. effector

where are the cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons?

the grey matter of the T1-L3

name for T1-L3?

thoracolumbar outflow

where are the sympathetic ganglia?

2 inches next to the spinal cord in the sympathetic trunk

sympathetic preganglionic motor pathway is ____ while the sympathetic postganglionic motor pathway is _____.

short; long

parasympathetic cell bodies are in

four cranial nerves (3, 7, 9, 10) and the spinal cord (S2-4)

what is the name for the area from the cranial nerves to S2-4?

craniosacral outflow

where are most parasympathetic ganglia?

on the walls of the visceral organs

parasympathetic preganglionic motor pathway is ____ while the parasympathetic postganglionic motor pathway is _____.

long; short

what is the autonomic plexus and what is it formed by?

the tangled network of neurons near the spinal cord formed from sympathetic and parasympathetic axons

what are autonomic NTs

a chemical released at the end of a neuron to tell the next thing what to do

two types of NT being released?

cholinergic or adrenergic

cholinergic release -

acetylcholine

adrenergic releases -

norepinephrine

Cholinergic neurons affect what neurons -

all sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons
parasympathetic postganglionic neurons
sympathetic postganglionic neurons for the sweat glands

adrenergic neurons affect what neurons -

most sympathetic postganglionic neurons

what is the autonomic reflex arc (RSIME)

1. receptor

2. sensory neuron

3. integrating center

   1. hypothalamus

4. motor neurons

   1. pre/post ganglionic neurons

5. effector

   1. cardiac/smooth muscle, glands