IT Applications - D317 WGU/COMPTIA A+ Core 2 1102

Flashcards for this course in WGU

Windows 10 Specs

• Processor: 1 GHz or faster.

• RAM: 1 GB (32-bit) or 2 GB (64-bit)

• Graphics: DirectX 9 or later with WDDM 1.0 driver (the latter is the graphics architecture for video drivers)

• Hard disk space: 16 GB (32-bit) or 20 GB (64-bit)

• Display: 800×600 resolution.

Windows 11 Specs

• Processor: 1 gigahertz (GHz) or faster with two or more cores on a compatible 64-bit processor or system on a chip (SoC).

• RAM: 4 gigabytes (GB) or greater.

• Hard disk space: 64 GB

• Storage: 64 GB* or greater available storage is required to install Windows 11.

• System Firmware: UEFI (for Unified Extensible Firmware Interface, a modern version of the PC BIOS) and Secure Boot capable.

• TPM: Trusted Platform Module (TPM) version 2.0.

Windows versions (Windows Home Edition)

• Basic windows edition that comes from retail edition.

• No Bitlocker or EFS included.

• No remote desktop protocol (RDP - However, you do have the option of remote desktop protocol.

• No Active directory or domain capabilities.

Windows versions (Windows 10 Pro Edition)

• Bitlocker and EFS included.

• Active directory capabilities.

• Group policy editor included.

• RDP included.

Windows versions (Windows 10 Enterprise Edition)

• You get MDM Management for devices.

• You get Microsoft Dynamic Management.

Windows versions (Windows 10 Education)

• All you need to know is that this is the highest edition you can get. The order goes Home, Pro, Enterprise, and then Education for Windows.

Boot methods (USB)

Must have at least 8GB on a USB for installing Windows 10 & 11. I would recommend at least 16GB just in case. Installation can seem intimidating but is very easy to complete!

Boot methods (CD-ROM & DVD-ROM/Optical)

You will need at least 16GB of storage for Windows 10 32-bit and 64GB for Windows 10 & 11.

Boot methods (PXE (“Pixie”)) Network install

Is a preboot execution environment. You can perform a network install and must have a pc that supports PXE. Don’t forget to enable PXE in the BIOS settings!

Installations (Unattended Install)

Offers no installation interruptions and requires an answer file (Unattend.xml). This answer file automates filling in all windows questions throughout the installation process.

Installations (In-place upgrade)

Have the option to keep remaining data on PC and will reinstall windows OS. This can be accessed from the Windows Settings.

Installations (Clean install/Windows Installation Media)

This is an entire wiping of the OS since all personal files and programs will be removed. It will be like how when you first bought your PC.

Installations (Repair installation)

This will help troubleshoot the Windows OS and doesn’t change any files.

Installations (Multiboot)

Is when you want to run two or more different OS on the same PC. For instance, wanting to have the option to run Mac OS or Windows OS when booting your system up.

Installations (Backwards comp)

You can’t upgrade from a Windows OS x86 (32-bit) to a x64 (64-bit) or a x64 to a x86.

Disk Partitioning

There are two types of partitioning styles. MBR (Master Boot Record) and GPT (GUID Partition Table).

MBR (Master Boot Record)

• Is the older version of partition disk space and you get the maxim of booting 4 primary partitions per hard disk.

• You get one extended partition if needed per disk.

• MBR has a limitation of only supporting a disk at most 2 TB.

GPT (GUID Partition Table)

The latest partition and can have up to 128 partitions. Does require a UEFI Bios.

Basic Disk Storage

Basic disk storage in essence is a basic disk you can add or remove.

Dynamic Disk

Is an enhanced form of partition tables which allows for things like software raid. No logic or extended partitions are needed for this type of storage.

FAT (File Allocation Table)

This is the original file allocation table and is not used much anymore.

FAT32

Are 2 TB volume sizes and can have a maximum file size of 4 GB.

exFAT

Files larger than 4 GB! Much better choice than FAT32.

ext3

Third extended file system used only in Linux.

ext4

Upgrade after ext3 and is used in Linux/Android OS.

APFS

Mac OS file system

NTFS (NT File System)

Improvement of FAT32 and has features like security, encryption, file compression, and the ability to change file permissions.

CDFS (Compact Disk File System)

All operating systems can read the CD.

Swap partition

Frees up memory by moving unused pages onto disk. Copies RAM when needed and usually is a fast drive.

WC (help or [Command] /?)

Gives more information about different and specific commands.

WC (dir)

List files and directories.

WC (cd)

Change working directory.

WC (..)

This allows you to move above the current directory.

WC (shutdown)

Shuts down the system.

WC (exit)

Closes the command prompt.

WC (Cls)

Clears all previous command prompt entries/info.

WC (dism)

Can make changes and see information with Deployment Image Service and Management Tool.

WC (SFC (System File Checker))

Scans all protected system files and can fix any corrupted files. For example, type sfc /scannow.

WC (chkdsk)

Scans your hard drive for file system errors.

WC (diskpart)

Manages disk configurations.

WC (tasklist)

Lists all current running processes on your system.

WC (taskkill)

Kills any task by process number.

WC (gpupdate)

Forces a group policy update.

WC (gpresult)

Verifies policy settings for a computer.

WC (copy)

Allows to copy one or more file to another location.

WC (xcopy)

Copies files and directory trees.

WC (robocopy)

Copies and moves files , folders, and whole directory trees.

WC (ipconfig)

States ip information and details along with other networking details.

WC (ping)

Confirms network connection between two hosts.

WC (tracert)

Determines the route a packet takes to get to its destination.

WC (netstat)

Shows network status.

WC (nslookup)

Details the dns information of websites and their ip addresses.

WC (net view)

Show network resources.

WC (net use)

Map a network to a shared device.

WC (net user)

View account information and reset passwords.

LC (man)

Used to give details about linux commands.

LC (ls)

List directory contents.

LC (grep)

Find text in a file.

LC (pwd)

Print working directory.

LC (mv)

Move a file.

LC (cp)

Copy a file.

LC (rm)

Remove a file.

LC (chmod)

Change file permissions. Read, write, and execute.

LC (chown)

Changes file owner and group.

LC (sudo)

Executes any commands as administrator.

LC (yum)

Install, delete, or update.

LC (df)

Disk free space.

LC (ps)

Displays running processes.

LC (dig)

Find DNS information.

LC (cat)

Reads data from a file and displays content as a output.

LC (kill)

Closes a process running.