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Socialization

The lifelong process of learning how to think, feel, behave, and interact in ways accepted by society.

Self-concept

How we see ourselves — our identity, personality, and worth, shaped by others' responses.

Looking Glass Self

Cooley's concept that describes how we perceive ourselves based on how we think others see us.

Preparatory Stage (Mead)

Stage where babies and toddlers imitate others without understanding roles.

Play Stage (Mead)

Stage where children begin to role-play specific individuals.

Game Stage (Mead)

Stage where children learn to understand multiple roles and societal rules.

Agents of Socialization

Groups and institutions that teach us how to behave (e.g., family, peers, schools, media).

Total Institutions

Places where people are cut off from society and controlled by authority to resocialize them.

Status

A social position that defines an individual in society.

Master Status

The most dominant identity perceived by others.

Ascribed Status

A status given at birth, such as ethnicity or gender.

Achieved Status

A status earned through effort, such as becoming a graduate or athlete.

Role Conflict

When two roles clash, creating stress or difficulty.

Role Strain

When one role has conflicting demands.

Stigma

A negative label that can harm an individual's identity.

Dramaturgical Analysis

Goffman's view of life as a stage where individuals perform roles.

Impression Management

The process of controlling how we are perceived by others.

Emotion Management

Adjusting one's feelings to match social expectations.

Emotional Labour

Managing emotions as part of a job, often expected in service-related professions.

Feeling Rules

Unwritten norms about how we should express emotions in specific situations.