History finals 2023 flashcards

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Vocabulary of Semester II of Honors Modern World History

Last updated 3:21 PM on 5/16/23
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50 Terms

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Anschluss
Union of Austria and Germany
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Appeasement
Giving into aggressive demands in order to maintain peace
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Armistice
An agreement to cease fighting
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Arms Race
Competition between nations to gain an advantage in weapons
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Blitzkrieg
A fast, forceful style of fighting used by the Germans in World War II
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Bolsheviks
A group of Marxists who seized power in Russia in 1917
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Collectivization
Combining small, individual farms to make larger, mechanized farms
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Command Economy
system in which government officials make all basic economic decisions
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Concentration Camps
detention sites created for military or political purposes to confine, terrorize, and, in some cases, kill civilians
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Containment
The United States strategy of limiting the spread of communism to the areas already under Soviet control
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Detente
Efforts taken in the late 1960s and early 1970s to lower Cold War tensions
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Domino Theory
The belief that the fall of one country to communism would cause neighboring countries to do so also
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Duma
The Russian assembly formed after the Revolution of 1905
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Entente
nonbinding agreement between nations to follow common policies
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Extraterritoriality
The right of citizens to be tried in the courts of their native country rather than in the courts of the country that they are living in
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Fascism
a system of government that focuses on the good of the state rather than on the individual citizens
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Final Solution
The Nazi Party's plan for the Jewish population of Europe
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Five Year Plan
Stalin's production goals for the Soviet Union
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Genocide
The deliberate and systematic killing of people who belong to a particular racial, ethnic, or cultural group
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Glasnost
A willingness to openly discuss the Soviet Union's problems
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Gulag
A system of Soviet labor camps
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Holocaust
The killing of millions of Jews and other groups by Nazis during World War II
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Hyperinflation
A rise in prices at an extremely rapid rate, usually caused by a rapid increase in money supply making currency of little value
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Imperialism
the policy of one country's political, economic, or cultural domination over other lands and territories
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Iron Curtain
the dividing line between Communist countries and the Western countries of Europe
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Kaiser
Emperor of Germany
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Kamikazes
Japanese pilots who loaded their aircraft with bombs and crashed them into enemy ships
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Kulturkampf
Bismarck's struggle to limit the influence of the Catholic Church in Germany
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Mandates
Territories given to European powers to rule after World War I
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NATO
A military alliance of twelve Western nations formed in 1949
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Neutrality
policy of supporting neither side in a conflict
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Nuremberg Laws
Eliminated citizenship and many civil and property rights for Jews
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Perestroika
Restructuring of the Soviet economic and political structure
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Pogrom
Violent riot or attack directed against a Jewish community
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Proletariat
working class
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Propaganda
Information created by governments in order to influence public opinion
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Protectorate
Country with its own government but under the control of an outside power
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Realpolitik
The belief in practical goals instead of theory in political philosophy
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Reich
German Empire
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Reparation
payment for war damage or damage caused by imprisonment
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Social Darwinism
An application of principles of natural selection and survival of the fittest to the struggle between nations and races
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Soviet
council of workers and soldiers set up by Russian revolutionaries in 1917
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Sphere of Influence
Area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading priveleges
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Total War
Channeling of a nation's entire resources into a war effort
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Totalitarianism
A form of government in which the person or party in charge has absolute control over all aspects of life
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Trench Warfare
A form of combat in which soldiers dug deep ditches to seek protection from enemy fire and defend their positions
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Tsar
Emperor of Russia
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U-Boats
German submarines
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United Nations
an international organization formed in 1945 to maintain peace and encourage cooperation among nations
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Warsaw Pact
A military alliance of the Soviet-dominated countries of Eastern Europe, established in 1955