Overview of Nonprotein Nitrogenous Substances in Blood

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11 Terms

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Nonprotein nitrogenous substances (NPNs)

Nitrogen-containing waste products in blood that are not part of proteins.

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Main nonprotein nitrogenous substances in blood

Urea (BUN), uric acid, creatinine, creatine, and ammonia.

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Urea

Urea is produced in the liver from the breakdown of amino acids.

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BUN

Blood Urea Nitrogen — a measure of the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood.

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Normal BUN range

Approximately 7-20 mg/dL.

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Elevated BUN level

Possible kidney dysfunction, dehydration, or increased protein breakdown.

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Uric acid

A waste product from the breakdown of nucleic acids.

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Condition associated with elevated uric acid levels

Gout.

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Creatinine

A waste product of muscle metabolism; used to assess kidney function.

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Creatine

A compound stored in muscles and used for energy; precursor to creatinine.

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Ammonia

A toxic byproduct of amino acid metabolism; converted to urea in the liver.