Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
location
Birmingham is located centrally within the UK, and it the central part of the West Midlands conurbation (different urban areas that have joined up)
national importance
Direct rail links to many UK cities. Used by over 34 million people in 2014
New Street station is the busiest UK station outside of London
Birmingham is one of the 'greenest' UK cities. It has over 8,000 acres of parks and open space
Excellent job opportunities, including 200 law firms, 50 major property services and a range of other major companies such as Atkins, BBC and Jaguar Landrover
Birmingham Hippodrome is the busiest theatre in the UK with over 520,000 visitors each year
international importance
The European Cities Monitor rated Birmingham among the top 15 best cities in Europe in 2009
£13 billion invested in infrastructure development over the next decade. The aim is to be a city of global importance
Birmingham Airport had over 9 million customers in 2014. It has been extended to connect to more places in Africa, South America, China and the USA Provides space to more than 300 companies from outside of the UK
impacts of national and international migration
In 2012-2013, there were 12,000 international migrants and 40,800 UK migrants to Birmingham p - many migrants are skilled workers which improves the economy of the area and migrants will pay taxes p - citys culture is improved due to migration with events and festivals like chinese new year celebrations n - pressure on jobs and housing n - challenge for teachers and schools to support children whose first language isnt english
social opportunities
leisure and recreation
bullring shopping
largest public library in europe - 400,000 books
hippodrome theatre - most visited theatre in uk (2000 seats)
balti triangle - over 100 balti houses and over 20,000 visitors every week
5 michelin stars cultural
villa park seats nearly 43000 people
stadium has 5 star rating from UEFA
38 million people shop at bullring each year
NEC has over 750 events per year attracting over 7 million people
economic opportunities
public administration, education and health - over 1/4 of all jobs
98% of uk consumers are within 4 hours travel time of city national sea life centre (tourism)
over 2000 creatures to learn about in over 60 displays
winner of best venue for science learning 2016/17 bullring (retail)
1 million customers a week
8000 jobs created cadbury (business)
13.6 million visitors (1990-2014)
500,000 visitors per year
environmental opportunities
urban greening: birmingham green commission
planning framework and policy, sustainable energy and co2 reduction and the green economy
target of a 60% reduction in total co2 emissions by 2027 urban greening: birmingham trees for life
since 2006 planted over 70,000 trees
want to complete a £1.2 billion integrated public transport network within 20 years which will allow people to travel across city in high quality vehicles
urban deprivation challenge
having a quality of life below what is recognised as acceptable in a particular country
birmingham measured 6th most deprived area in country
major cause was industrial decline from 1970s when many businesses left city
inequality in housing, education, health and employment
loss of employment means people cant afford home
around 10,000 people homeless
air a noise pollution
low life expectancy close to city centre
dereliction challenge
in 2015 birmingham ranked 3rd most deprived city in england
derelict buildings such as closed factories or shops lead to poorer environmental conditions
brownfield sites and waste disposal challenge
demand for housing increasing
brownfield is more expensive as it needs cleaning and clearing and may be contaminated
waste disposal increasing challenge as population increases
in 2015 on 30% waste recycled
urban sprawl on rural-urban fringe challenge
urban sprawl = the expansion of an urban area into less populated areas
important area under pressure from urban sprawl
range of land use demands includes development of transport networks and edge of town retail parks
growth of commuter settlements challenge
over past 40 years most uk cities seen drift of population from city centre towards suburbs and commuter settlements
increasing pressure on road networks and public transport
integrated transport challenge
opened may 30 1999
mostly using former great western railway route between birmingham snow hill and wolverhampton
reasons for regeneration
shopping transport train station
shopping
in 1989 the merry hill out of town shopping centre opened
birminghams city centre saw a decline in trade of 12% over the next 5 years
transport
the tonnage of goods carried increased throughout the 19th Century, reaching 8 and a half million tonnes in 1898
as canal industries declined and railways and roads took over the long distance transportation of goods, use of the canals decreased
by 1980 all commercial traffic had stopped
train stations
170,000 passengers a day use Birmingham New Street, nearly triple the 60,000 a day it was designed for when it was last rebuilt in the 1960s
British Rail sold the 'air rights' above a station, leading to the construction of the Pallasades Shopping Centre in 1970 above the station
how has birmingham been regenerated?
brindley place eastside bullring
brindley place
over 8,500 people work in Brindleyplace for some of the UK's leading businesses
site covers 17 acres (69,000 m²) of mixed-use redevelopment over 11 main buildings and 3 public squares
receives more than four million visitors every year
eastside
first major, new city centre park in Birmingham for more than 130 years
Eastside City Park is a 6.75 acre urban park in Birmingham city centre
park has over 14,000 square metres of landscaped green space, hundreds of trees, a large canal water feature and a public square
bullring
£60m Selfridges store
in the busiest weeks before Christmas, the Bullring attracts over 1 million visitors helping to boost the economy of the local area to over £500m
average annual footfall of 38 million people