(4.19-4.22) Alkanes

What are alkanes?

A group of saturated hydrocarbons

What does the term saturated mean?

There are only have single bonds between carbon atoms- no double bonds.

What is the general formula of alkanes?

C_n H_2n+2

What are alkanes named according to?

the number of carbon atoms they contain

How can you tell a substance is an alkane?

Suffix of -ane in the name.

How is the prefix of an alkane decided?

It corresponds to the number of carbon atoms in the substance.

Name the prefixes for the 1-5 carbon atom alkanes.

Meth-

Eth-

Prop-

But-

Pen-

How can the displayed formula of alkanes be drawn?

Show all the atoms and bonds drawn out

What kind of reaction occurs between halogens and alkanes in the presence of UV light?

Substitution

What happens when alkanes react with halogens?

halogenoalkanes are produced:

• One H swaps with one halogen atom

forming a halogenoalkanes and a H(halogen)