Macromolecules (Flow chart)

What are the 3 big groups of carbohydrates?

Monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides

What are the 3 monosaccharides?

Glucose, fructose, galactose

Which monosaccharide has alpha and beta configurations? (that are explored in 4U bio)

Glucose

What are the 3 disaccharides?

Maltose, sucrose, lactose (MLS)

What are the 2 classifications of polysaccharides?

Energy storage and structural polysaccharides

What are the 2 energy storage polysaccharides?

Starch, glycogen

What are the 2 structural polysaccharides?

Cellulose, chitin

What 2 carbohydrates can humans NOT disgust properly?

Cellulose (fiber) and chitin

What are the 4 types of lipids?

Steroids, waxes, triglycerides, phospholipids

What are the 3 types of triglycerides?

Unsaturated, saturated, and trans fats

What triglyceride is liquid at room temperature and often comes from plants?

Unsaturated fats

What triglyceride is solid at room temperature and often comes from animals?

Saturated fats

What are the 2 types of nucleic acids?

Monomers and polymers

What is an example of a monomer that is a nucleic acid?

ATP

What are 2 examples of a polymer that is a nucleic acid?

DNA and RNA

What is the reaction called when many monomers are joining together to form a polymer?

Anabolic reaction- "to build up" (or condensation reaction)

What is it called when a polymer breaks down into its monomers?

Catabolic reaction- "to break down" (or hydrolysis reaction)

What macromolecule is body fat?

Unsaturated fat (triglyceride- lipid)

What macromolecule is the exoskeleton of a crab?

Chitin (structural- polysaccharide- carbohydrate)

What macromolecule is a mushroom?

Chitin (this is what it's cell walls are made up of, instead of cellulose— a result of it being a fungus)

What could one assume if a macromolecule has the suffix -ose?

That the macromolecule is a simple sugar (monosaccharide). Exception: cellulose (polysaccharide)