Medical Terminology - Chapter 13

ambly/o

dull or dim

aque/o

water

blast/o

immature

blephar/o

eyelid

chromat/o

color

conjunctiv/o

conjunctiva

corne/o

cornea

cycl/o

ciliary body

dacry/o

tears

dipl/o

double

emmetr/o

correct, proper

glauc/o

gray

ir/o, irid/o

iris

kerat/o

cornea

lacrim/o

tears

macul/o

macula lutea

mi/o

lessening

mydr/i

widening

nyctal/o

night

ocul/o, ophthalm/o, opt/o, optic/o

eye, vision

papill/o

optic disk

phac/o

lens

presby/o

old age

pupill/o

pupil

retin/o

retina

scler/o

sclera

stigmat/o

point

uve/o

choroid

vitre/o

glassy

-opsia, -opia

vision condition

eso-

inward

exo-

outward

conjunctival

pert to conjunctiva

corneal

pert to cornea

extraocular

pert to being outside the eyeball

intraocular

pert to within the eye

iridal

pert to iris

lacrimal

pert to tears

macular

pert to macula lutea

ocular

pert to the eye

ophthalmic, optic, optical

pert to eye or vision

pupillary

pert to pupil

retinal

pert to the retina

scleral

pert to the sclera

uveal

pert to the choroid layer of the eye

ophthalmology

diagnosis and treatment of conditions and diseases of the eye and surrounding structures, ophthalmologist

optician

vision specialist who is trained in grinding and fitting corrective lenses

optometry

specializes in examining eyes, testing for visual acuity and prescribing corrective lenses, optometrist

blepharoptosis

drooping eyelid

cycloplegia

paralysis of ciliary body

diplopia

double vision

emmetropia

state of normal vision

iridoplegia

paralysis of the iris

nyctalopia

difficulty seeing in dim light; night blindness

ophthalmalgia

eye pain

ophthalmoplegia

paralysis of one or more of the extraocular eye muscles

opthalmorrhagia

bleeding from the eye

papilledema

swelling of optic disk, choked disk

presbyopia

expected changes in visions due to normal aging

scleromalacia

softening of the sclera

xerophthalmia

condition of dry eyes

achromatopsia

severe congenital deficiency in color vision, complete color blindness

amblyopia

loss of vision not as a result of eye pathology, lazy eye

astigmatism

condition in which light rays are focused unevenly on the retina due to abnormal curvature of cornea

cataract

development of an opaque or cloudy lens, resulting in diminished vision

corneal abrasion

scraping injury to the cornea

glaucoma

increase in intraocular pressure, can result in atrophy of optic nerve and blindness

hyperopia

farsightedness

iritis

iris inflammation

keratitis

cornea inflammation

legally blind

severely impaired vision, 20/200 cannot be improved w corrected lenses

macular degeneration

deterioration of the macular area of the retina

monochromatism

inability to perceive one color

myopia

nearsightedness

oculomycosis

fungus infection of eye

retinal detachment

separation of retina from choroid layer, dmgs blood vessels and nerves and van cause blindness

retinitis pigmentosa

progressive disease in which the retina becomes hard, pigmented, and atrophied

retinoblastoma

malignant eye tumor occurring in children

retinopathy

general term for disease affected retina, related to diabetes, or high blood pressure

scleritis

sclera inflammation

uveitis

inflammation of choroid layer of eye

conjunctivitis

conjunctiva inflammation from bacteria, PINK EYE

pterygium

hypertrophied conjunctival tissue in the inner corner of the eye

blepharitis

eyelid inflammation

hordeolum

purulent inflammatory infection a sebaceous gland of eyelid; also called a STY(E)

dacryoadenitis

lacrimal gland inflammation

dacryocystitis

lacrimal sac inflammation

esotropia (ET)

inward turning of eye, cross eyed

exotropia (XT)

outward turning of the eye, wall-eyed

strabismus

eye muscle weakness that results in eyes looking in different directions at the same time

hemianopia

loss of vision in half of the visual field, result of stroke

nystagmus

jerky involuntary eye mvmt, brain injury

color vision tests

use of multicolored charts to determine patient’s ability to recognize color

fluorescein angiography

process of injecting fluorescein dye to observe the mvmt of blood and detect lesions in the retina

fluorescein staining

application of bright green eye drops to cornea to look for abrasions or ulcers

keratometer

instrument to measure curvature of cornea

keratometry

process of measuring curvature of the cornea

ophthalmoscopy

examining interior of eye

optometer

instrument used to measure how well the eye focuses images on the retina

refractive error test

vision test for a defect in the eye’s ability to accurately focus an image