Medical Condition Priority Worksheet: Hyperthermia & Hypothermia

This flashcard set covers key concepts related to hyperthermia and hypothermia, including assessments, expected findings, interventions, and patient education.

What is the assessment method for thermoregulation in hyperthermia and hypothermia?

Measure rectal or esophageal temperature.

What is the expected finding for hyperthermia in terms of core temperature?

Temperature >104°F (40°C).

What is the expected finding for hypothermia in terms of core temperature?

Temperature <95°F (35°C).

Why is core temperature important in assessing thermal imbalances?

Core temperature reflects the severity of thermal imbalance.

What cardiovascular observations should be continuously monitored?

HR (heart rate) and BP (blood pressure).

What are the expected cardiovascular findings in hyperthermia?

Tachycardia and hypotension.

What are the expected cardiovascular findings in hypothermia?

Bradycardia and hypotension.

How do temperature extremes affect the cardiovascular system?

They affect cardiac output and vascular tone.

What neurological assessments should be performed?

Evaluate for confusion, lethargy, or agitation.

What are the expected neurological findings in hyperthermia?

Restlessness and delirium.

What are the expected neurological findings in hypothermia?

Lethargy and coma.

Why is brain function sensitive to temperature changes?

Brain function is sensitive to temperature fluctuations.

What laboratory test assesses acid-base balance?

ABGs (Arterial Blood Gases).

What is the expected ABG result for hyperthermia?

Respiratory alkalosis.

What is the expected ABG result for hypothermia?

Metabolic acidosis.

How do temperature changes affect respiratory and metabolic function?

Temperature affects respiratory and metabolic function.

What electrolyte levels should be tested in cases of hyperthermia?

Serum sodium, potassium, and glucose.

What are the expected electrolyte findings in hyperthermia?

Hypernatremia and hypokalemia.

What are the expected electrolyte findings in hypothermia?

Hyponatremia and hypoglycemia.

What causes changes in lab values during thermal imbalances?

Fluid shifts and metabolic changes.

What is the first priority intervention for hyperthermia?

Apply cooling blankets.

What is the rationale for using cooling blankets in hyperthermia?

Directly modifies body temperature.

What IV intervention is essential for both hypothermia and hyperthermia?

Administer IV fluids.

What is the rationale for administering IV fluids?

Supports perfusion and corrects imbalances.

Why is cardiac rhythm monitoring important?

It detects arrhythmias due to temperature extremes.

What are the preferred antipyretics for hyperthermia?

Acetaminophen or ibuprofen.

What is the rationale for administering antipyretics?

Reduces fever and inflammation.

What warming intervention is used for hypothermia?

Infuse warmed isotonic fluids.

What is the rationale for using warmed IV fluids in hypothermia?

Raises core temperature safely.

What electrolyte replacement is crucial in hypothermia?

IV potassium, magnesium, or glucose as indicated.

Why is electrolyte replacement necessary in hypothermia?

Corrects metabolic imbalances caused by hypothermia.

What is essential client education regarding temperature exposure?

Avoid prolonged exposure to extreme temperatures.

What should clients use to prevent thermal imbalances?

Protective clothing and shelter.

What early signs of hypothermia or hyperthermia should be recognized?

Shivering, confusion, or excessive sweating.

Why is early intervention important for thermal imbalances?

It improves outcomes.

What should clients maintain for recovery?

Hydration and nutrition.

What is recommended for fluid intake during recovery?

Drink fluids regularly.

What is recommended for nutrition during recovery?

Eat balanced meals.

How can organ failure be prevented in thermal imbalances?

Monitor vital signs and labs closely.

What preventative action helps avoid cardiac arrest?

Continuous ECG monitoring and temperature control.

What is the prevention strategy for electrolyte imbalance?

Monitor serum levels and replace as needed.

What impact does hyperthermia have on body temperature regulation?

It raises core temperature significantly.

What could be a consequence of untreated hypothermia?

Severe lethargy or coma.

In relation to temperature, what is vital to monitor continuously?

Core temperature.

What is the main focus of nursing actions regarding hyperthermia?

Reducing fever and managing symptoms.

What specific signs should clients report immediately?

Signs of severe thermal imbalance.

How is hypothermia defined medically?

Core body temperature below 95°F (35°C).

What are potential long-term complications of thermal imbalances?

Organ failure, cardiac arrest, electrolyte imbalance.

What underlying mechanism causes changes in mental status during hyperthermia?

Altered brain function due to high temperature.

What laboratory values can indicate hypernatremia?

Elevated serum sodium levels.

What does metabolic acidosis indicate in hypothermia?

Impaired metabolic function due to low temperature.

What is a critical intervention for patients with severe hyperthermia?

Immediate cooling measures.

Why might IV fluids cause shifts in electrolyte levels?

Fluid administration alters serum concentrations.

What is the importance of collaborative care in managing thermal imbalances?

Ensures comprehensive treatment strategies.

How does monitoring blood pressure contribute to hyperthermia assessment?

Indicates the effect of temperature on vascular status.

What vital sign changes can indicate worsening hypothermia?

Decreasing heart rate and blood pressure.

How are confusion and agitation related to temperature extremes?

They reflect neurological distress from thermal imbalance.

What action is taken if a patient shows signs of severe agitation in hyperthermia?

Implement cooling strategies immediately.

What approach is effective for educating clients about thermal regulation?

Use simple language and practical examples.

What role do assessments play in managing patients with thermal imbalances?

Direct interventions and guide treatment decisions.

What laboratory test is most useful for monitoring metabolic changes in hypothermia?

Electrolyte panel.

What induced arrhythmias in patients with severe temperature changes?

Physiological stress on the cardiovascular system.

How does temperature affect the body's metabolic rate?

It alters metabolic processes and energy expenditure.

What is considered a dangerously low glucose level in hypothermia?

Hypoglycemia.

How are nursing priorities established for patients with thermal stress?

Based on assessments and expected findings.

What is the expected change in heart rate during hypothermia?

Bradycardia.

What electrolyte change is often seen in severe hyperthermia?

Hypokalemia.

What intervention might be necessary for clients with severe electrolyte imbalances?

IV electrolyte replacement therapy.

What is a common misperception about hydration needs in extreme temperatures?

That hydration is not necessary if not feeling thirsty.

How does confusion in hypothermic patients affect their care?

It complicates the assessment and treatment process.

What is a standard nursing action to prevent complications in thermal imbalances?

Ongoing monitoring of vital signs and labs.

What type of bedding is recommended for patients experiencing hypothermia?

Warm, insulated blankets.

What education can improve client outcomes for thermal imbalances?

Recognizing symptoms and knowing when to seek help.

How does client education help prevent recurrence of thermal imbalance?

Empowers clients to take preventive measures.

What symptom should be monitored closely for patients at risk of hypothermia?

Excessive shivering.

What should clients understand about the effects of dehydration during extreme temperatures?

Dehydration exacerbates heat-related illnesses.

What potential complications arise from severe hyperthermia during exercise?

Heat stroke or organ failure.

How does knowledge of temperature-related illnesses aid healthcare providers?

Improves patient care and response protocols.

What can increase a person's risk for hyperthermia?

High humidity and strenuous activity.