hitlers rise to power 1919-1933

What was the DAP?

German Workers Party - set up by Anton Drexler

When did Hitler join the DAP?

1919

What was it renamed to in 1920?

NSDAP

What was needed to be set up in order to protect Nazi speakers?

The SA

Who joined the SA?

Freikorps

What would the SA do?

disrupt the meetings of Hitler's opponents e.g. the Communists, and often beat up opposition supporters

How many members of the Nazi Party were there in 1922?

6000

How many members of the Nazi Party were there in 1924?

50,000

What were the key features of the 25-point plan?

• The union of all Germans to form a greater Germany
  -Getting rid of TOV
  -Citizenship could only be granted to people of German blood
  -The government to nationalise all businesses that had been formed into corporations
  -all newspaper editors had to be German and non-Germans needed permission from the government to edit them

What were the causes of the Munich Putsch?

• Stresemann
  -Growth of Nazi Party
  -Hyperinflation and Dolchstoss
  -Support from other states

How was Stresemann a cause of the Munich Putsch?

He would bring an end to problems within Germany, so Hitler realised he needed to act quickly to gain power

How was Hyperinflation and Dolchstoss a cause of the Munich Putsch?

Hitler aimed to take advantage of economic suffering of the public as of hyperinflation

How did the Growth of the Nazi Party cause the Munich Putsch?

The Nazi Party had more members than ever before making it the strongest it ever had been

How was Support from other states cause the Munich Putsch?

Hitler believed NSDAP leaders in Bavaria such as Von Kahr would help with the Putsch

When did the Munich Putsch start

8th November 1923

What happened first?

Hitler and the SA burst into a meeting attended by Lossow and Von Kahr. Hitler forced them to agree to rebel and were then set free. The SA took over the army HQ and the offices of the local newspaper.

What happened the day after?

Hitler and his Nazis went into Munich on what they thought would be a triumphal march to take power. However, Kahr had called in police and army reinforcements.

How many Nazis died in the Munich Putsch?

16

What happened to Hitler and the Nazi Party?

Hitler was arrested and the Nazi Party were banned

What were the short-term consequences of the Munich Putsch?

-Hitler was prevented from public speaking until 1927
-The ban of the Nazi Party was weakly enforced and gained a lot of publicity

How long was Hitler sentenced to prison for?

5 years, but was only there for 9 months

What did Hitler write whilst in prison?

Mein Kampf

What did Hitler realise he had to do?

He realised he had to use legal means to take power as opposed to a violent approach

How did the Nazi Party not do well in 1924-29?

• There were disagreements during Hitler's period in prison
• Economic recovery for Germany meant there was little support for extremist parties
• It only won 12 seats in the 1928 election

How did the Nazi Party do well in 1924-29?

• It won 32 seats in the 1924 election
• Mein Kampf provided key developments of the Nazi Party with its focus on the importance of propaganda and anti-semitism
• Membership increased to 100,000 by 1928

What happened at the Bamberg conference in 1926?

Hitler spoke for hours vocalising his opinion that he favoured nationalist ideas over socialist ideas. Hitler won Goebbels over.

What was the Wall Street Crash?

US stock market crashed

When was the Wall Street Crash?

October 1929

Why did the Wall Street Crash affect Germany?

Germany was dependent on loans from the USA leaving Germans in an economic crisis

How did Hitler take advantage of the Wall Street Crash?

• Hitler was deemed the 'superman' through posters and rallies e.g. he didn't wear spectacles to seem weak
• blamed Weimar Republic for the economic crisis
• Promised revenge through destruction of TOV and removal of people who were thought to be at fault e.g. Jews or Communists

How did the SA take advantage of the Wall Street Crash?

• SA numbered 600,000 whereas KPD had 130,000, SA attracted the unemployed and unhappy youth through parades
• The SA attacked and disrupted meetings of rival groups like the KPD (Communists)

How did Goebbels get the Nazi message across?

• Targeted different audiences and were timed to have maximum impact. Their message was generally simple but clear
• He chartered planes to fly Hitler all over Germany to speak at 4 or 5 rallies a day

Who controlled Nazi propaganda?

Josef Goebbels

After Bruning resigned as Chancellor in May 1932 who became the next Chancellor?

von Papen

Who was von Papen?

Friend of Hindenburg and leader of the Centre Party

How did von Papen attempt to gain more support and when did he do this?

held an election in July 1932

What was the outcome of the election?

Nazi party gained 230 seats making it the largest party in the Reichstag

As of this, what did Hitler demand and what reaction did he get?

Hitler demanded to be appointed chancellor - Hindenburg refused because he didn't like him

What did von Papen do in November 1932?

Held an election once again hoping to win more seats

What was the outcome of the second election?

Von Papen won even less seats however, the Nazi party's seats fell to 196

What did von Papen suggest after the election?

the abolishing of the Weimar Constitution

Who was Von Schleicher?

An influential army general

What did von Schleicher suggest?

that abolishing the Weimar constitution would only result in a civil war

What happened after his suggestion?

Hindenburg appointed von Schleicher as chancellor

How long did von Schleicher last as chancellor?

2 months

What did von Papen and Hitler agree on?

Hitler should lead a government with von Papen as vice-chancellor

When did they make the agreement?

January 1933

Who did von Papen and Hitler have the support of?

Army, major landowners and leaders of industry who disliked von Schleicher's plans and were worried about a Communist takeover

What were von Schleicher's plans?

To bring together different strands from the left and right parties

What did Von Papen convince Hindenburg of?

That a coalition government with Hitler would save Germany and bring stability.
He also said that he would be able to control Hitler and he would no 'Make Hitler squeak'

When did Hindenburg invite Hitler to be chancellor?

31st of January 1933