Nucleic Acids Exam Prep Quiz

Which of the following is a component of a nucleotide?

Phosphate, sugar, nitrogenous base

The sugar found in DNA is:

Deoxyribose

The sugar found in RNA is:

Ribose

Which nitrogenous base is found only in RNA?

Uracil

Which nitrogenous base is found only in DNA?

Thymine

Purines include:

Adenine and guanine

Pyrimidines include:

Cytosine, thymine, uracil

The backbone of nucleic acids is formed by:

Sugar-phosphate bonds

The bond between nitrogenous bases in DNA is a:

Hydrogen bond

Adenine pairs with thymine using:

2 hydrogen bonds

Guanine pairs with cytosine using:

3 hydrogen bonds

The two strands of DNA run in:

Antiparallel orientation

The 5′ end of DNA contains:

A free phosphate group

The 3′ end of DNA contains:

A free hydroxyl group

Which form of DNA is the most common in cells?

B-DNA

Z-DNA is characterized by:

Left-handed helix

RNA is typically:

Single-stranded

Which type of RNA carries amino acids?

tRNA

Which type of RNA carries ribosomes?

rRNA

Which type of RNA carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes?

mRNA

The phosphate group in nucleic acids is attached to which carbon of the sugar?

5’

The nitrogenous base attaches to which carbon of the sugar?

1’

Which enzyme synthesizes RNA from DNA?

RNA polymerase

Which enzyme synthesizes DNA from DNA?

DNA polymerase

The major groove and minor groove are structural features of:

DNA

Which of the following stabilizes DNA structure?

All answers are correct

Base stacking interactions occur due to:

Hydrophobic interactions between bases

Which nucleic acid can form complex secondary structures such as hairpins?

RNA only

The term "genome" refers to:

All genetic material in an organism

Which nitrogenous base is NOT found in DNA?

Uracil