Chapt. 8 Quiz

The disease “pellagra” contains the three Ds:

dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia

What are the 5 main Sx of pellagra?

scaly skin; mouth sores; diarrhea; confusion; and mental deterioration.

B vitamins function primarily as ____ aka compounds that bind enzymes and are required to carry out their functions

coenzymes

Pellagra in animals is known as ____.

black tongue

A condition caused by the failure to produce intrinsic factor (especially for the elderly), resulting in vitamin B12 malabsorption and megaloblastic anemia is known as …..

pernicious anemia

A substance that prevents damage to cells by inhibiting the oxidation caused by free radicals

an antioxidant

True or False: Vitamin D is a steroidal hormone?

true

Top 4 facts about Vitamin D

1) synthesized in our skin

2) can be blocked by sunscreen

3) found in fatty fish

4) activated within kidneys & liver

Vitamin A is great for our _______.

Vitamin D is great for our _______.

Vitamin E is great for our _______.

Vitamin K is great for our _______.

eyesight (A)

bone growth/immunity (D)

antioxidants (E)

bone formation/ blood clots (K)

Is Vitamin C an antioxidant?

yes

There are only 5 water vitamins that have ULs. Name them:

niacin, B6, folate, vitamin C, & choline

Who were the victims of the diease Beriberi?

people who only ate white rice

Thiamin is also known as B1 and its found where?

pork

Name 3 Sx of thiamin deficiency?

apathy, confusion, weakness

Name a serious condition you get from thiamin deficiency?

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome; 80% of alcohol abusers get this

Name 4 places niacin can be found?

fish, peanuts, mushrooms, cereals

Define fortification? another for it?

adding protein/ vitamins to a food….enrichment

Name 3 Sx of riboflavin:

red/cracked lips, sore throat, & swollen mouth

-you’ll never just have low riboflavin, other stuff will be low too

-No toxic level for riboflavin

What is another name for Vitamin B6?

pyroxidine

What are 3 Sx of Vitamin b6 deficiency?

anemia, weakness, & dermatitis

Where can you find Vita B6? (x3)

pork, bananas, potatoes

Eating this food can cause a major biotin deficiency…

raw eggs

Biotin deficiency has what 3 main Sx?

hair loss, brittle nails, & skin rash

The vitamin Folate, in pill form, is called…

folic acid

Folic acid/folate is essential for the ______ system.

nervous

The RDA for folate is ___ mcg (for women 15-45 y/o)

400 mcg

The 3 you can receive folate:

-folate in food

-folic acid in food

-folic acid supplements

Name a condition that comes from a deficiency in folic acid:

megablastic anemia (large immature weird shaped RBCs)

What is the UL for folic acid supplements?

1,000 mcg per day

Too much folic acid can affect the stability of our ____.

B12

Our body is made up of ____% water.

60-70%

How much of our water is intracellular?

2/3

How much water do we lose via respiration? bowel movemts? diarrhea?

350mL/1.5 cup…..140mL; 2/3rds…..3300 - 7300 mL per day

Our _____ tells our kidneys to retain water & bring it back to the blood

ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

The AI (adequate intake) for water is ____ liters…How many cups for men? women?

3.7 liters…. 15.5 cups for men…11.5 cups for women