Human Skeleton, Muscles, and Respiratory System

This set of flashcards covers the anatomical structures of the human skeletal and respiratory systems, including connective tissues and the physiological process of breathing as described in the lecture.

What are the primary responsibilities of the skeleton and muscles?

They are responsible for holding the body together as well for movement.

Which organisms are described as having exoskeletons or external skeletons?

Antheropods, including insect spiders and crescents.

What type of skeleton do vertebrate animals and humans have?

Internal skeletons or endoskeletons.

What two materials compose the human skeleton?

Bone and cartilage.

Where is cartilage typically found in the human body?

At the end of all bones, at the joints, in the nose, and in the ears.

Besides structural support, what are the functions of bones?

Bones preserve blood cells and store minerals such as calcium.

What is the function of tendons?

They are tougher fibroid cords of connective tissue that connect muscles to the skeleton.

What is the function of ligaments?

They connect bones to other bones at joints such as the elbow, knee, fingers, and vertebral columns.

What are the three functions of the nasal cavity?

To filter, moisten, and warm air.

What is the role of the perinex in the respiratory process?

It further filters air and aids in protection against infection.

What is the function of the epiglottis?

It closes and swallows to prevent food from going down the airway to the trachea.

Into what two structures does the trachea branch?

The left and right bronchialis.

At what specific site does oxygen from the air enter the bloodstream?

A small sac called the alveolitis.

Through what tiny blood cell vessels does oxygen enter the bloodstream?

Caterpillars.

What is the name of the system of muscles that allows breathing?

The diagram.

What happens during the process of inhalation?

The diagram causes the lung to expand and air rushes in to fill the space.

What happens during exhalation?

The diagram causes the lung to contract and the air pushes out.