attitudes

Attitude

Evaluation of an object on a positive-negative scale.

Core Components of Attitudes

Affect, cognition, and behavior are essential elements.

Affect

Emotional response associated with an attitude.

Cognition

Thoughts and knowledge related to an attitude.

Behavior

Tendency to approach or avoid an object.

Likert Scale

Self-report tool for measuring attitudes quantitatively.

Response Latencies

Time taken to respond, indicating attitude accessibility.

Attitude Linkage Measures

Assess correlation of attitudes with other issues.

Implicit Attitude Measures

Capture unconscious or unreported attitudes.

Cognitive Consistency Theory

Emphasize value of consistency in attitudes and behavior.

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Discomfort from inconsistent attitudes and behavior.

Dissonance Reduction

Aligning attitudes with behavior to alleviate discomfort.

Effort Justification

Justifying effort when goals are disappointing.

Induced Compliance

Forced behavior leading to attitude change for justification.

Conditions for Dissonance

Requires free choice, insufficient justification, and negative consequences.

Self-Affirmation

Affirming identity elements to reduce psychological inconsistency.

Cultural Differences in Dissonance

Japanese experience dissonance when considering others' choices.

Self-Perception Theory

Attitudes change by observing one's own behavior.

Bodily Sensations

Physical feelings influence judgments about objects.

System Justification Theory

Motivation to justify sociopolitical systems through stereotypes.

Terror Management Theory

Striving for legacy through offspring and cultural identification.