BIO 206 Microbiology Notes - Basic Chemistry and Proteins

Flashcards covering key concepts from the notes: atom reactivity, pH, DNA movement in electric fields, biomolecule properties, dehydration synthesis, nitrogen incorporation, protein chemistry, and protein structure.

The reactivity of atoms is dependent on .

The number of electrons needed to fill the outermost shell of the atom.

Which statement correctly expresses the relationship between pH and [H+]?

pH 2 corresponds to [H+] = 0.01 M.

If DNA in solution is subjected to electricity, DNA would move toward which pole (electrode)?

The positive pole (anode) because DNA is negatively charged.

Which of the following does NOT belong with the others: fructose, glucose, lactose, cholesterol?

Cholesterol.

Which would NOT dissolve easily in water?

Methane.

What type of bond holds two or more water molecules together in a drop of water?

Hydrogen bonds.

Identify the reaction: glucose + fructose → sucrose + water

Dehydration synthesis (condensation) reaction.

If E. coli is grown in a medium containing radioactive nitrogen (N), the N would LEAST LIKELY be found in which molecules?

Carbohydrates.

All of the following are associated with proteins EXCEPT:

Contain pyrimidines.

Infectious prions arise when the is altered?

Secondary structure of the prion protein.

What is the key difference between acids/bases and salts regarding H+ concentration?

Salts dissolve in water but do not change the H+ concentration.

If a DNA molecule has 300 base pairs and 62 adenine bases, how many guanine bases are present?

238.

Which bonds/forces are critical for the tertiary structure of a protein?

Hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and ionic bonds (all of the above).