Week 4 diuretics

Acetazolamide and bicarbonate

Which drug is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and will prevent which molecule from breaking apart causing it to accumulate in the fltrate?

Sodium

Acetazolamide will prevent the reabsorption of which electrolyte in the proximal tubule?

Alkaline. acidic.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors will cause the urine to become more (alkaline or acidic) and the blood/ECF to become more (alkaline or acidic)?

Carbonic acid anhydrase

What drug group is associated with calcium calculi formation (stones)?

Acetazolamide

What drug has generally good oral bioavailability and is used to treat glaucoma?

Mannitol

Which drug is an osmotic diuretic?

Osmotic diuretics

What drug group will decrease water absorption and is used to treat cerebral edema and glaucoma?

mannitol

What drug needs to be injected and can protect tubules from necrosis?

Osmotic diuretics

What drug group will have adverse effects such as increase in ECF and short impairment of platelet function. Contraindicated in anuric renal failure, fluid overload and pulmonary congestion edema?

NKCC2 transporter in the thick ascending limb

What co-transporter will furosemide target and where is it located?

furosemide

What drug is used to treat chronic heart failure, cardiac, hepatic, or renal edema, diuresis in renal failure. Equine pulmonary haemorrhage?

Furosemide

Which drug will have adverse effects such as electrolyte and fluid abnormalities, ECF depletion and hyponatremia leading to decreased BP and decreased organ perfusion. Hypochloraemic alkalosis and hypokalemia are also present?

NSAIDS

Which group of drugs will inhibit the diuretic effects of furosemide and will compete for the organic acid transporter in the proximal tubule?

Thiazide diuretics

What grop of drugs target the Na-Ca symport in the distal convoluted tubule?

Chlorothiazide

What drug treats cardiac, renal or hepatic edema and management of early stages of chronic heart failure?

Chlorothiazide

Which drug is contraindicated in sever renal disease and causes electrolyte imbalances. This drug can lead to aggravation of hepatic dysfunction?

Chlorothiazide

Which drug has extra-renal effects such as decreased blood volume due to fluid loss and vasodilation through directs effects on blood vessels?

Chlorothiazide (Na-Cl symport)

which drug will have short term increased urinary excretion but long term use of this drug is paradoxical to diabetes insipidus?

Spironolactone

Which drug is an aldosterone antagonist?

Late distal tubule and collectng duct

What areas of the nephron will spironolactone be most affective?

Spironolactone

Which drug is used in conjunction with thiazide or loop diuretics to spare K+?

Canrenone

what metabolite will extend spironolactone effects?

Hyperkalemia, dehydration, and hyponatremia.

What is an adverse effect of spironolacotne?