First Phase of the Indian National Movement (1885-1907) (copy)

The Early Nationalist Phase

The first phase of the Indian National Movement from 1885 to 1907.

The Assertive Phase

The second phase of the Indian National Movement from 1907 to 1916.

The Gandhian Era

The third phase of the Indian National Movement from 1915 to 1947.

Dadabhai Naoroji

Known as the 'Grand Old Man of India', he was a key leader in the Indian National Congress and a proponent of self-governance.

Gopal Krishna Gokhale

A major leader of the Indian National Congress, he pushed for reforms and trained future national leaders.

Surendranath Banerjee

Referred to as the 'Father of Indian Nationalism', he founded the Indian Association and advocated for Indian rights.

Economic Demands of Early Nationalists

Included the abolition of the Salt Tax, reduction of land revenue, and government loans for industrial development.

Administrative Demands of Early Nationalists

Sought Indianisation of services, separation of executive from judiciary, and expansion of Legislative Councils.

Civil Rights Defense

Opposition to restrictions on freedom of speech and assembly, advocating for individual liberties.

Constitutional Agitation

The method employed by Early Nationalists for political progress within the legal framework without extreme demands.

The Three P’s

Petitions, Prayers, and Protests; strategies used by the Early Nationalists to influence British policy.

'Drain Theory'

Proposed by Dadabhai Naoroji, it explained how India's wealth was being exploited by British rule.

Servants of India Society

Founded by Gopal Krishna Gokhale in 1905 to train national leaders for selfless service.

Minto-Morley Reforms

Reforms passed in 1909 aimed at increasing Indian representation in government.

The Indian National Congress

A political party founded in 1885 that played a crucial role in India's struggle for independence.

Preventive Detention Act

A law that restricted the rights of individuals, opposed by the Early Nationalists.

The Press and Freedom of Speech

Key areas defended by Early Nationalists to promote political awareness and reform.