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Physical Property

Measurable characteristics of a material, such as density or strength.

Working Property

How a material behaves when being shaped or used, such as flexibility or foldability.

Key Material Properties

Includes strength, flexibility, rigidity, toughness, absorbency, and more.

Modeling in Design Process

Testing and visualizing ideas before full production to reduce errors and save costs.

Health & Safety Rules in DT Room

Wear protective gear, use tools properly, follow supervision, keep workspace clean, store tools safely.

Source of Paper and Board

Mainly from wood pulp derived from trees and also from recycled paper.

Types of Papers, Cards, and Boards

Includes cartridge paper, corrugated card, foam board; uses depend on weight, thickness, surface texture.

PVA Adhesive

Strong adhesive but dries slowly.

Glue Stick

Easy to use but provides a weak bond.

Hot Glue

Strong and fast adhesive, but can be bulky.

Sewing Machine Setup

Thread the needle, wind the bobbin, adjust tension; key parts include presser foot, feed dog, bobbin case.

Sources of Textiles

Natural (cotton, wool), synthetic (polyester, nylon), regenerated (viscose).

Categories of Textiles

Woven, knitted, and bonded.

Cotton

Breathable fabric used in clothes.

Polyester

Durable fabric used in outdoor gear.

Felt

Fabric commonly used in crafts.

Fabrics Construction Methods

Woven (interlaced yarns), bonded (glued/fused fibers), knitted (looped yarns).

Examples of Woven Products

Denim.

Examples of Bonded Products

Disposable masks.

Examples of Knitted Products

Jumpers.

Pattern Drafting

Creating templates to guide fabric cutting for accurate garment construction.

Joining Fabrics with a Sewing Machine

Align edges, use straight/zigzag stitch, maintain even seam allowance.

Carbon Footprint

Total CO₂ emissions; can be reduced by using sustainable timber and efficient processes.

Social Impacts of Timber Manufacturing

Includes deforestation, fair trade issues, labor conditions, and community impact.

Stock Forms for Timber

Planks, boards, dowels, MDF, plywood.

Quality Control in Timber Manufacturing

Maintained through measuring, inspection, jigs, and clear specs.

Modifications Made to Wood

To improve durability, resistance, or workability, such as pressure treatment.

Hand Tools for Wood

Saws, chisels, planes used for cutting, shaping, and smoothing.

Wood Joining Types

Butt joints, dovetail, mortise & tenon used based on strength and aesthetics.

Production Aids in Timber Production

Jigs, templates, moulds for accuracy and repeatability.

Machines that Shape Wood

Bandsaw, drill press, lathe used for cutting, drilling, and shaping.

Machine Tools vs Hand Tools

Machine tools are fast and precise but costly; hand tools are cheap and flexible but slower.

Commercial Processes for Shaping Timber

CNC routing, lamination, steam bending for efficiency and complex shapes.

Processes to Bend and Form Timber

Steam bending and laminating used for curves and unique forms.

Preparing Timber Finishes

Sanding, staining, and varnishing to improve appearance and protection.

Different Production Methods for Products

Chosen based on volume needs: prototypes, batch, mass, or continuous production.