Bio Inheritence Vocab

Allele

Different forms of a gene

Genotype

The genetic makeup of an organsim

Phenotype

The physical traits an organism shows

Homozygous (Purebred)

Having two of the same alleles (Ex: AA or aa)

Heterozygous (Hybrid)

Having two different alleles (Ex: Aa)

Law of Dominance

One allele can mask the affect of another

Law of segregation

Each parents gives one allele to their offspring

Monohybrid Cross

Genetic cross involving one trait

Law of Independent Assortment

Genes for different traits that are inherited separately

Dihybrid Cross

Genetic cross involving two traits

Incomplete Dominance

A mix of both alleles is shown (E: red + white = pink)

Codominance

Both alleles are completely shown

Multiple alleles

A gene with more than two allele options

Pedigree

A chart showing family traits across generations

Punnett Square

A tool to predict genetic crosses

Gametes

Reproductive cells

Fertilization

Joining of a sperm and egg

Zygote

First cell of a new organism

Dominance

Allele that shows its trait when present

Recessive

Allele that only shows its trait if no dominant allele is present