Chemistry - atomic/electron models

Light can liberate electrons from metals

The photoelectric effect

Ionization and it leaves behind ions

What it’s called when an electron is removed from an atom and what is left behind

6\.02x10^-23

Avogadro’s number

It only worked for hydrogen, and didn’t explain why the electrons don’t fall into the nucleus

Why the Bohr model failed

Electrons can move from a ground energy state to an excited state when hit with a discrete (specific) wavelength of light, and give off a wavelength of visible light

What happens to an electron in Bohr’s model

Linear; linear

sp electronic and molecular geometries

Trigonal planar; trigonal planar, bent, linear

sp2 electronic and molecular geometries

tetrahedral; tetrahedral, trigonal pyramid, bent

sp3 electronic and molecular geometries

trigonal bipyramid; trigonal bipyramid, see-saw, T-shaped

sp3d electronic and molecular geometries

Octahedral; octahedral, square pyramid, square planar, T-shaped

sp3d2 electronic and molecular geometries

Orbital Diagram

Erwin Schrodinger’s model

They have a 90% chance of finding an electron, and they’re just where electrons live

What is an orbital?

An orbital can hold up to 2 electrons, but only if they are of opposite spin

The Pauli Exclusion principle

Always fill lower energy levels first

The Aufbau principle

Always maximize spin

Hund’s rule

104\.5°

The bond angle for tetrahedral bent

107°

The bond angle for tetrahedral trigonal pyramid

109\.5°

The bond angle for tetrahedral tetrahedral

Tetrahedral, tetrahedral

The eg and mg of methane

Tetrahedral, trigonal pyramid

The eg and mg of ammonia

Tetrahedral, bent

The eg and mg of water