Unit 1 Exam BIO

Chapter 1 -3

Capillary action in water is an example of what?

Adhesion

When acids are added to a solution, the pH should_____.

decreased

What first must a scientist do to start the scientific method?

observation

What “shell” do electrons of one atom interacts with electrons of another atom?

Valence shell

A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area is called a(n) _____.

population

In the lipid bilayer, the _____________ heads face_______ while the _________ tails face_________.

hydrophilic, outward, hydrophobic, inward

A hypothesis must be

all above

What is a main function of polysaccharides?

energy storage

A nucleotide of DNA may contain ________.

deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (such as adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine)

in an experiment; the variable that gets tested and can be manipulated is

independent varible

The Phylogenetic tree has what domain or domains?

archea

What is an isotope, and what as an example?

An isotope is a variant of a chemical element that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. An example is Carbon-14, which has 6 protons and 8 neutrons.

What makes ionic bonds different from covalent bonds? Give an example of each

Ionic bonds form when electrons are transferred between atoms, creating charged ions, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons. An example of an ionic bond is sodium chloride (NaCl), and an example of a covalent bond is water (H2O).

Enzymes work to ________________ activation energy in a reaction

lower the activation energy

What does the atomic number represent on the periodic table?

The atomic number represents the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, which determines the element's identity and its position on the periodic table.

What are the structural differences between RNA and DNA?

DNA is a double helix while RNA is a straight chain and RNA contains ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose.

You go for a long walk on a hot day. Give an example of a way in which homeostasis keeps your body healthy.

The body sweats to cool down, maintaining a stable internal temperature.

The process of protein synthesis from mRNA sequence

is known as translation, where ribosomes read the mRNA to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain.

Examples of Pyrimidines are

cytosine, thymine, and uracil.

A person notices that their houseplants that are regularly exposed to music seem to grow more quickly than those in rooms with no music. As a result, they determine that plants grow better when exposed to music. This example most closely resembles which type of reasoning?

This example most closely resembles inductive reasoning, where specific observations lead to a general conclusion.

What makes up the nucleus in an atom?

The nucleus in an atom is composed of protons and neutrons, which are collectively known as nucleons.

The process of two monomers coming together and water being made is

called dehydration synthesis.

The α-helix and the β-pleated sheet are part of which protein structure?

These are part of the secondary structure of proteins.

The monomers that make up proteins are called ________.

amino acids.

Which of the following sequences represents the hierarchy of biological organization from the most inclusive to the least complex level?

Biosphere, Ecosystem, Community, Population, Organism