AP Gov Unit 1

Brutus No. 1

-antifederalist paper

-argued country too big to be republic

-too much power to federal govt

direct democracy

-citizens rule directly, no reps

indirect/representative democracy

-vote for reps to work on behalf of citizens

pluralist theory

-each group pressed for own preferred policies

Particapatory Democracy

-govt depends on citizen participation

elitist theory

-top leaders make key decisions w/o popular input

shays rebellion

-showed weaknesses of AoC

-protesting massachusetts mortgage foreclosures

new jersey plan

-each state gets one vote in congress

virginia plan

-proportional representation of population

great compromise

-bicameral legislature, 2 senators per state + reps per population

extradition clause

-must return fleeing criminals to home states

block grants

-general federal grants with discretion to -states

categorical grants

-federal grants with explicit purpose

unfunded mandates

-fed requires state do something w/o giving funds

dual federalism

-both states and federal govt have powers in own spheres (literally dualing)

cooperative federalism

-state + federal govt share power, costs, blame (marble cake)

new federalism / devolution

-attempts by presidents Nixon and Reagan to return power to the states through block grants

articles of constitution

1. legislative

2. executive

3. judiciary

4. state's power

5. amendment process

6. supremacy clause

7. ratification

(LEGS, 5 finger fist, Six/Supreme)

14th amendment

-naturalized citizenship

-equal protection clause

Federalist 10

-written by madison

-need strong republic, factions lead to corruption + oppression

-need army to avoid violence

Federalist 51

-written by madison

-checks and balances

john locke social contract

-govt protects life, liberty, property and people follow its laws

-obligated to rebel against unfair govts

hobbes social contract

-strong ruler gives law + order and people hand over rights

reserved powers

-rights for only state govt

privileges and immunities clause

-cant discriminate based off state youre from

-every citizen entitled to same rights in each state

Full Faith and Credit Clause

-each state must accept public records (marriage) and judicial proceedings