Anxiety Disorders

Give the 4 Ds of psychological disorder:

1) deviant

2) distressing

3) dysfunctional

4) dangerous

What are the documents that classify all mental disorders?

1) ICD-11

2) DSM-5

What are the top 3 most prevalent mental health disorders according to the 2014 Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing?

1) generalised anxiety disorder

2) depressive episodes

3) mixed anxiety and depressive disorders

Give 5 types of anxiety disorder:

1) panic disorder

2) PTSD

3) generalised anxiety disorder

4) OCD

5) phobias

Give three physiological characteristics of anxiety disorders:

1) racing heart

2) muscle tension

3) breathlessness

Give two pharmacological treatments used for anxiety disorders:

1) SSRIs

2) benzodiazepines

Give three examples of psychological interventions used for anxiety disorders:

1) cognitive behavioural therapy

2) education relaxation

3) learning mechanisms

Give the 6 stage loop that characterises panic disorders:

1) physical sensation, thought or image perceived as threatening

2) anxiety

3) physical sensations

4) catastrophic interpretation of physical sensations

5) amplification of physical sensations and anxiety

6) hypervigilance

Give the four key characteristics of PTSD:

1) repeated re-living of traumatic events

2) persistent efforts at avoidance of memories and emotional blunting

3) persistent symptoms of hyperarousal

4) survivor's guilt

What is acute stress disorder?

Exposure to a traumatic event causes numbing, detachment and amnesia about the event for at least three days but for no more than one month following the event

What is generalised anxiety disorder?

ongoing state of excessive worry about future events and outcomes

What is the root psychological cause of generalised anxiety disorder?

intolerance of uncertainty

Give 5 presentations of generalised anxiety disorder:

1) seeking excessive reassurance

2) list making

3) double checking

4) refusing to delegate tasks to others

5) procrastination and distraction

Describe the obsessive part of OCD:

someone with OCD will have their life dominated by obsessions- intrusions of thoughts, images and impulses that produce anxiety

Describe the compulsion part of OCD:

someone with OCD will have compulsions (behaviours or rituals) used to reduce anxiety from their obsessions

What are phobias?

irrational fear of a specific object or situation

True or false: those with phobias recognise that the fear is disproportionate and irrational

true

Fill in the gap: people with phobias avoid the situation or object which is __________ reinforced by a reduction in __________

negatively, anxiety

What is agoraphobia?

extreme or irrational fear of crowded spaces or enclosed public places or open spaces

What causes agoraphobia?

the fear of panic attacks and the subsequent embarrassment

What is social phobia?

social anxiety disorder which is an extreme fear of embarrassment and humiliation causing avoidance of social and public activities

What causes the strong association between parent and child fears?

modelling

What causes simple phobias such as phobias of animals, height etc?

single traumas

What is the name of behavioural therapy that builds people up to facing their phobia through increased exposure?

systematic desensitisation

What is in vitro exposure?

the client imagines exposure to the phobic stimulus

What is in vivo exposure?

exposure through real-life experiences