science foundations - lom test 1 (packet)

portion of the urinary bladder

trigone

pertaining to small balls of capillaries in the kidney

glomerular

narrowing of the urethral opening to the outside of the body

meatal stenosis

sodium, potassium

electrolyte

nitrogenous waste

creatinine

pyel/o

renal pelvis

a term that means no urine production

anuria

surrounding the urinary bladder

perivesical

azotemia

uremia

x-ray of the urinary tract

kub

a procedure that allows your doctor to examine the lining of your bladder and the tube that carries urine out of your body (urethra). 

cystoscopy

the process of removing excess water, solutes, and toxins from the blood in people whose kidneys can no longer perform these functions naturally.

renal dialysis

scanty urination

oliguria

diabetes insipidus is characterized by

polydipsia, polyuria, pituitary gland malfunction, insufficient ADH

hernia of the tube connecting the kidney and urinary bladder

ureterocele

artificial kidney machine

hemodialysis

incision to remove a renal calculus

nephrolithotomy

protein in the urine

albuminaria

renal abscess may lead to

pyuria

alkaline

basic

high levels of ketones in the blood can lead to

acidodis

childhood renal carcinoma

wilms tumor

urine is held in the bladder

urinary retention

test that measures the amount of urea in the blood

BUN

hardening of blood vessels in the kidney

nephrosclerosis

shock waves crush urinary tract stones

lithotripsy

cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis

calyx

nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

creatinine

depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave

hilum

small artery

arteriole

process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter

filtration

outer region of an organ

cortex

chemical element that carries an electrical charge

electrolyte

tiny balls of capillaries in the kidney

glomerulus

hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow

erythropoietin

one of two bean-shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region

kidney

tube for injecting or removing fluids

catheter

enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus

glomerular capsule

substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine

nitrogenous waste

potassium; an electrolyte regulated by the kidney; essential for muscle and nerve function

K+

combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where urine is formed

nephron

opening or canal

meatus

process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into blood vessel

reabsorption

blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney

calciferol

microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration

renal tubule

central collecting region in the kidney

renal pelvis

hormone secreted by the kidney; raises blood pressure

renin

active form of Vitamin D; secreted by the kidney

calciferol

nitrogenous wastes excreted in urine

urea and uric acid

process of expelling urine

urination (voiding)

tube leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

urethra

sodium; an electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys

Na+

inner region of an organ

medulla