Period 4 Flashcards (1800 - 1848)

Why 1800 - 1848 was chosen as the dates for period 4

Beginning with Jefferson's presidency (Revolution of 1800), ending with the Seneca Falls Convention and Mexican American War

Federalists

Political Party led by Hamilton - pro-British; supported by the wealthy; pro-merchants and trade; Favored the National Bank (BUS); loose interpretation

Democratic-Republicans

Political Party led by Jefferson - pro-French; supported by middle-class and farmers; pro-agriculture; against the BUS; strict interpretation

Democrats

Party led by Jackson - "Common Man"; pro states' rights; against the BUS

Whigs

Political Party led by Henry Clay! Favored the BUS and the American System; strong legislative branch; against "King Andrew I"

Supreme Court Decisions during this time (Think Marshall Court)

Asserted federal power of states (McCulloch v. Maryland, Gibbons v. Ogden); judicial branch determined the meaning of Constitution (Marbury v. Madison)

Second Great Awakening

Inspired many to achieve perfection on earth; helped influence reform movements (abolitionism, women's rights, temperance, etc.)

Xenophobia

Fear of foreigners - helped give rise to a nativist movement that was Anti-Catholic

American System

Henry Clay's! idea to unify the economy through: BUS, internal improvements, and tariffs. More successful in unifying the North and Midwest than South

Market Revolution

Drastic changes in transportation (canals, RRs), communication (telegraph), and the production of goods (more in factories as opposed to houses)

Missouri Compromise (Compromise of 1820)

Temporary truce over slavery issue, 3 parts: MO added as a slave state, ME added as a free state, above 36°30' line = free, below = slave

Louisiana Purchase

Doubled size of US, opened up land for expansion; Jefferson changed interpretation from strict to loose