Genetics Lab Final UCF

What does SDS do in a lysis buffer?

Disrupts cell membranes and denatures proteins

What does EDTA do in a lysis buffer?

Inhibits DNA degrading enzymes

What does NaCl do in a lysis buffer?

Creates an ionic environment to protect DNA

What does Tris-HCL do in a lysis buffer?

pH buffering at 8.0

What 260/280 range should pure DNA fall into?

1.7-2.0

What are the 3 steps in PCR?

denature, anneal, extend

Which PCR step is Taq polymerase involved in?

Extend

True or False: Taq polymerase is heat-stable

True

The reverse primer in PCR is the reverse complement to which strand of DNA?

Plus strand

What range should good primer Tms fall in to?

50-60 degrees celcius

True or false: good primer Tms are within 2-5 degrees of each other

True

the "And" rule in probability means to

Multiply

the "Or" rule in probability means to

Add

You cross a pure-breeding white flower with a pure-breeding red flower, and the offspring are pink. This is an example of what type of inheritance?

Incomplete dominance

You cross a pure-breeding white flower with a pure-breeding red flower, and the offspring are white with red spots. This is an example of what type of inheritance?

codominance

You cross a homozygous dominant flower with a homozygous recessive flower. What ratio would you expect to see in the offspring?

4:0

What ratio do we expect from a dihybrid cross?

9:3:3:1

a p-value that is less than .05 is considered significant or non-significant?

significant

If you get a significant p-value, do you accept or refute your statistical hypothesis?

Refute

True or false: polygenic traits are controlled by more than one gene

True

What does the term eclose mean?

Emerge as an adult

Is an ovipositor found on male or female flies?

Female

How long should a PCR primer be?

20 nucleotides

What is the purpose of high-density dye in gel electrophoresis?

Pulls the DNA to the bottom of the well

Is DNA positively or negatively charged?

negatively charged

What is a molecular weight marker in gel electrophoresis?

DNA fragments of a known size

If a gene sequence has undergone a deletion mutation, it will move farther through the gel than the wild type

True

How many bands are typically present for a heterozygous organism in gel electrophoresis?

2

A ____ control is a treatment where no response is expected to occur

Negative

You cross a purple flower (dominant) and a white flower (recessive) and expect a 3:1 ratio of purple to white flowers. If you have a total of 160 offspring from this cross, how many would you expect to be purple?

120

You are running a chi square analysis and you have 3 categories. How many degrees of freedom do you have?

2

When quantifying DNA, the higher the absorption of the sample, the _____ the DNA concentration

Higher

In DNA extraction after the final clean-up step, is the DNA found in the pellet or the supernatant?

Pellet

In PCR, Taq polymerase adds nucleotides to which end of the annealed primer sequence?

3'

True or false: inversion mutations can be visualized through gel electrophoresis

False

Is the molecular weight marker an example of a positive or negative control?

Positive

In paper chromatography, the mobile phase is the

Solvent

Are RF values qualitative or quantitative data?

Quantitative

True or false: each lane can only have one spot in a chromatogram

False

Was the solvent we used in lab for chromatography able to separate pteridines or ommochromes?

Pteridines

True or false: pteridines are red pigments

True

How did we visualize spots on the chromatogram?

Long wave UV light