Unit 1: The Human Body an Orientation

Homeostatic imbalance

________- a disturbance in homeostasis resulting in disease.

Anatomy

________ (latin meaning- to cut apart)- study of form, or structure of body parts and their relationship to one another.

Homeostasis

________ must be maintained for normal body functioning and to sustain life.

Metabolism

________- chemical reactions within the body.

Physiology

________- study of the function of body parts.

Skeletal

________- bones, cartilage, joints (movement and growth)

Armpit

________ is intermediate between the breastbone and shoulder.

seminal testicles

Reproductive- ________, prostate gland, penis, vas deferenes, testis, scrotum, ovary, uterine, tube, uterus, vagina.

Embryology

________- studies developmental changes that occur before growth.

muscle attachment

Provides ________ for movement.

Cardiovascular

________- heart, blood vessels (veins and arteries)

Digestive

________- mouth, esophagus, stomach small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus.

Lymphatic

________- lymph nodes and vessels (immunity)

Inferior

________ (caudal)- away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body below.

Cytology

________- study of body cells.

Histology

________- study of blood tissue.

Elbow

________ is proximal to the wrist.

Endocrine

________- glands (pineal, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, testis, ovary)

Urinary

________- kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra.

Superior

________ (cranial or cephalad)- toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body above.

Nervous

________- brain, sensory receptor (eye), spinal cord, ________ (feeling)

Respiratory

________- lungs, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea.

Integumentary

________- skin, hair (protection)

hormonal control systems

The body communicates through neural and ________.

Pathological Anatomy

________- changing of body cells to tissue due to diseases.

dynamic state of equilibrium

Maintenance of a stable internal environment= a(n) ________.

Cardiac Physiology

________- heart function.

Physiology

study of the function of body parts

Regional Anatomy

study of various structures (muscles, bones, nervous) in a certain region in the body

Systematic Anatomy

studies one body system at a time

Anatomy

Levels of Study

Cytology

study of body cells

Histology

study of blood tissue

Embryology

studies developmental changes that occur before growth

Pathological Anatomy

changing of body cells to tissue due to diseases

Radiographic Anatomy

radiology

Renal Physiology

urine production and kidney function

Cardiac Physiology

heart function

Integumentary

skin, hair (protection)

Skeletal

bones, cartilage, joints (movement and growth)

Muscular

muscles (movement)

Nervous

brain, sensory receptor (eye), spinal cord, nerves (feeling)

Endocrine

glands (pineal, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, testis, ovary)

Cardiovascular

heart, blood vessels (veins and arteries)

Lymphatic

lymph nodes and vessels (immunity)

Immune

thymus, lymph nodes, spleen (immunity)

Respiratory

lungs, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea

Digestive

mouth, esophagus, stomach small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus

Urinary

kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra

Reproductive

seminal testicles, prostate gland, penis, vas deferenes, testis, scrotum, ovary, uterine, tube, uterus, vagina

maintains acid

base balance

metabolism

chemical reactions within the body

homeostatic imbalance

a disturbance in homeostasis resulting in disease

Superior (cranial or cephalad)

toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body above

Inferior (caudal)

away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body below

Anterior (ventral)

toward or at the front of the body; in front of

Posterior (dorsal)

toward or at the backside of the body; behind

Medial

toward or at the middle of the body; on the inner side of

Lateral

away from the midline of the body; on the outside of

Intermediate

between a more medial and more lateral structure

Proximal

close to the origin of the body part of the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Distal

farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Superficial

toward or at the body

Deep

away from the body surface; more internal

oral

mouth

orbital

eyes

middle ear

ear

nasal

nose