Chap 4 Med Term (WITH WADS)

Cartilage

Nonvascular, firm connective tissue found mostly in joints

Chiropractic

Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system

Ligament

Band of fibrous tissue connecting two structures

Muscle

A tissue consisting of cells that can contract

Musculoskeletal

Pertaining to the muscles and the bony skeleton

Orthopedic

Pertaining to the correction and cure of deformities and diseases of the musculoskeletal system

Orthopedist

Specialist in orthopedics

Osteopath

Practitioner of osteopathy

Osteopathy

Medical practice based on maintaining the balance of the body

Tendon

Fibrous band that connects muscle to bone

Periosteum

Fibrous membrane covering a bone

Cortical

Pertaining to a cortex

Medulla

Central portion of a structure surrounded by cortex

Articulate

Two separate bones have formed a joint

Articulation

A joint

Bursa

A closed sac containing synovial fluid

Central canals

Vertically running canals found in cortical bones. (Contain blood vessels and nerve fibers.)

Cortex

Outer portion of an organ, such as bone pertaining to a cortex

Diaphysis

The shaft of a long bone

Epiphysis

Expanded area at the proximal and distal ends of a long bone to provide increased surface area for attachment of ligaments and tendon

Epiphysial

Pertaining to an epiphysis

Epiphysial plate

Layer of cartilage between epiphysis and metaphysis where bone growth occurs

Hyaline

Cartilage that looks like frosted glass and contains fine collagen fibres

Marrow

Fatty, blood-forming tissue in the cavities of long bones

Medulla

Central portion of a structure surrounded by cortex

Medullary

Pertaining to a medulla

Meniscus

Disc of cartilage between the bones of a joint, in this case, the knee joint

Periosteum

Strong membrane surrounding a bone

Periosteal

Pertaining to the periosteum

Suture

Place where two bones are joined together by a fibrous band continuous with their periosteum, as in the skull

Sutures

Also means to unite two surfaces by sewing

Synovial

Pertaining to synovial fluid and synovial membrane

Orthopedic Surgeon

Medical doctors or doctors of osteopathic medicine who deal with the prevention and correction of injuries of the skeletal system. (Associated with muscles, joints and ligaments)

Osteopathic physicians

Doctors who have earned a doctor of osteopathy degree and receive additional training in the musculoskeletal system and how it affects the whole body

Chiropractors

People who focus on the manual adjustment of joints- particularly the spine to maintain and restore health

Physical therapists

Doctors who evaluate and treat pain, disease, or injury by physical therapeutic measures, as opposed to medical or surgical measures.

Physical therapist assistants

People who work under the direction of a physical therapist to assist patients with their physical therapy.

Orthopedic technologists

Technicians that assist orthopedic surgeons in treating patients.

Podiatrists

Practitioners in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders and injuries of the foot

The four components of the Skeletal System are

Bones, Cartilage, Tendons and Ligaments

Fibrous

Joints that are two bones tightly bound together by bands of fibrous tissue with no join space

Cartilaginous

Joints that join two bones with cartilage

Synovial

Joints that contain synovial fluid as a lube and allow considerable movement

Bursa

An extension of the synovial joint that forms a cushion between structures that otherwise would rub against each other

The bones of your vertebral column, pelvis, and legs hold up your body. The jawbone supports your teeth

This is an example of Support Function

The skull protects your brain. The vertebral column protects your spinal cord. The rib cage protects your heart and lungs

This is an example of Protection Function

The marrow in many bones is the major producer of blood cells, including most of those in your immune system

This is an example of Blood Formation Function

The skeletal system stores calcium and phosphorus and releases each when your body needs them for other purposes.

This is an example of mineral storage and balance

cranium

The upper part of the skull that encloses and protects the brain

cranial

Pertaining to the skull

ethmoid

Bone that forms the back of the nose and encloses numerous air cells

frontal

Pertaining to the front

lacrimal

Lacrimal bone forms part of the medial wall of the orbit, or pertaining to tears

mandible

Lower jaw bone

mandibular

Pertaining to the mandible

maxilla

Upper jawbone, containing right and left maxillary sinuses

maxillary

Pertaining to the maxilla

nasal

Pertaining to the nose

occipital

The back of the skull

palatine

Bone that forms the hard palate and parts of the nose and orbits

parietal

The two bones forming the sidewalls and roof of the cranium

sphenoid

Wedge-shaped bone at the base of the skull

temporal

Bone that forms part of the base and sides of the skull

temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

The joint between the temporal bone and the mandible

zygoma

Bone that forms the prominence of the cheek

zygomatic (adj)

Pertaining to the cheekbone

Frontal

forms the forehead, roofs of the orbits (eye), and part of the floor of the cranium

Parietal

forms the bulging sides and roof of the cranium

Occipital

forms the back of and part of the base of the cranium

Temporal

forms the sides of and part of the base of the cranium

Sphenoid

forms part of the base of the cranium and the orbits

Ethmoid

is hollow forms part of the nose, the orbits (eyes) and the ethmoid sinuses

Maxillary

forms the upper jaw, holds the upper teeth and are hollow

Palatine

located behind the maxilla and cannot be seen on a lateral view of the skull

Zygomatic

the prominences of the cheeks (cheekbones) below the eyes

Lacrimal

forms the medical wall of each eye orbit

Nasal

forms the sides and bridge of the nose

Mandible

lower jawbone, which holds the lower teeth, Articulates with the temporal bone

The skull is made up of how many separate bones?

22

What does TMJ stand for?

temporomandibular joint

Vertebra is latin for what?

Spinal joint

Foramen is latin for what?

an opening

What is plural for vertebra?

Vertebrae

What is PL for foramen?

Foramina

The bones of the shoulder girdle consist of what?

Scapulae and the clavicles

Central canals are also called what?

Haversian canals

Epiphysial can also be spelt like...

Epiphyseal

When the T spine comes super far back it's called

kyphosis

When the L spine comes out it's called..?

Lordosis

Sublux

Somewhat dislocated

Dislocated

Fully Dislocated

Zygoma is french for what?

Yoke

Osteoporosis

Condition in which the bones become more porous, brittle and fragile and more likely to fracture

Osteopenia

Decreased calcification of bones (Puts people at risk for developing osteoporosis)

Osteomyelitis

an inflammation (ITIS) of bone and bone marrow caused by a bacterial infection, such as staphylococcus

Osteomalacia

a disease known as rickets in children caused by a vitamin D deficiency where the calcium-lacking bones become soft and flexible

Achondroplasia

a very rare condition where the long bones stop growing in childhood but the axial skeleton bones are not affected (Dwarfism)

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI)

a rare genetic disorder producing very brittle bones that are easily fractured or bone often in utero

Osteogenic sarcoma

occurs most often in bone cells around the knee in adolescents

Ewing sarcoma

occurs most often in children and adolescents