T test and ANOVA

The t-test

The test statistic computed to test the null hypothesis about a population mean when the population standard deviation is unknown and is estimated using the sample standard deviation

T- distribution

A family of curves, each determined by its degrees of freedom (the number of scores that are free to vary in calculating a statistic) 

T- distribution

Used when the population standard deviation is unknown and the standard error is estimated from the sample standard deviation 

Independent samples t-test

to compare means of two groups (e.g. two groups or levels of a variable like “men vs. women,” “under 21 vs. over 21”) 

Dependent samples t-test

to compare groups that are related to one another (e.g. twins, spouses, etc.) OR over time (e.g. time one vs. time two, pre-test vs. post-test in math class)