4. Alt to Exp: Surveys and Interviews

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42 Terms

1

Survey Research

A useful way of obtaining data about people’s opinions, attitudes, preferences, and experiences that are hard to observe directly. Data may obtained using questionnaires and interviews

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2

Content Analysis

A system for quantifying responses to open ended questions by categorizing them according to objective rules or guidelines.

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3

Nominal Scale

Consists of set of categories that have different names

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4

Nominal Scale

No magnitude, no equal intervals, and no absolute zero

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5

Ordinal Scale

Consists of a set of categories that are organized in ordered sequence

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6

Ordinal Scale

Has magnitude, no equal intervals, and no absolute zero

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7

Interval Scale

Consists of ordered categories that all intervals of exactly the same size

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8

Interval Scale

Has magnitude, has equal interval, no absolute zero

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9

Ratio Scale

Is an interval scale with an additional feature that a score of zero indicates none of the variables being measured

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10

Ratio Scale

Has magnitude, has equal-intervals, has absolute zero

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11

Self administered Questionnaires

A questionnaire that has been designed specifically to be completed by a respondent without intervention of the researcher (e.g.an interviewer) collecting the data

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12

Mail Surveys

It involves the research team mailing a questionnaire to a potential respondent who then fills it out and returns the survey by mail

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13

Computer or Internet Surveys

Surveys that sample respondents via the internet, gather data from respondents via internet, or both

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14

Telephone Surveys

Surveys for which data collection is conducted via a telephone interview and the most widely used method for conducting survey

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15

Male

Who is more effective in telephone interviews? Male or Female

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16

Interviews

Directed conversation in which a researcher, clinician, therapist, or researcher intends to elicit specific information from an individual the interviewee for the purpose of research, diagnosis, treatment or employment.

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17

Panel Interview

When multiple interviewers question a single candidate

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18

Group interview

When one interviewer questions multiple candidates.

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19

Female

Who is more effective in interviews? Male or Female

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20

Matching and mirroring

the subtle technique of aligning your body language, tone of voice, and overall demeanor to match that of your interviewer, creating a sense of connection and rapport to build trust and appear more relatable during the conversation

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21

Mirroring

refers to more precisely copying specific non-verbal cues like body language or facial expressions

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22

Matching

involves adapting your overall communication style to align with the interviewer's energy level, tone, and pace, without necessarily directly mimicking every detail

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23

Focus Group Discussion

A group of people who have been brought together to discuss a particular subject in order to solve a problem or suggestion ideas.

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24

Homogenous group

an aggregate of individuals or other elements that are similar to one another in a number of significant respects.

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25

Population

A set of all individuals of interest in a particular study

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26

Parameter

A value that describes the population

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27

Sampling frame

Specific list of the members of the population in order to select a subset of that population.

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28

Sample

A set of individuals drawn from the sampling frame usually intended to represent the population in research study

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29

Statistic

a value that describes a sample

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30

Probability Sampling

uses randomization to make sure that every element of the population gets an equal chance to be part of the selected sample.

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31

Non Probability Sampling

A sampling technique where the samples are gathered in a process that does not give all the individuals in the population equal chances of being selected

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32
  1. Simple random sampling

  2. Stratified random sampling

  3. Cluster sampling

  4. Systematic random sampling

Kinds of probability sampling

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33

Simple Random Sampling

Participants has an equal chance of getting selected to be the part of sample.

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34

Stratified random Sampling

Divides the elements of the population into small subgroups based on the similarity in such a way that the elements within the group are homogenous and heterogenous among the other subgroups formed.

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35

Cluster Sampling

Entire population is divided into cluster or sections and then then the clusters are randomly selected all the elements of the cluster are used for sampling.

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36

Systematic Random Sampling

A probability sampling method where the elements are chosen from a target population by selecting a random starting point and selecting other members after a fixed sampling interval

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37
  1. Convenience sampling

  2. Purposive sampling

  3. Quota sampling

  4. Referral/Snowball sampling

Kinds of non-probability sampling

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38

Convenience Sampling

The sample are selected based on the availability

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39

Purposive sampling

sampling technique that is based on the intention or the purpose of the study.

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40

Quota Sampling

Sampling technique wherein the assembled sample has the same proportions of individuals as the entire population which respect to known characteristics, traits or focused phenomenon.

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41

Referral/Snowball Sampling

The technique is used in the situation where the population is completely unknown and rare

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42

Representativeness

Pertains to how closely the sample responses we observe and measure reflect those we would obtain if we could sample the entire population

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