Bio Exam 4: S&M phase Entry 2

 DNA Pol I

utilizes a 5 prime-to-3 prime exonuclease to remove RNA primers and replace with DNA in prokaryotes

lamin

nuclear protein that forms a network that underlies and structures the nuclear envelope

DNA Pol III

does the bulk of replication in prokaryotes

topoisomerase

makes double strand breaks in DNA, swiveling in a leftward negative uncoiling direction and religating to relieve positive supercoiling associated with helicase action 

Cyclin B

increased expression of _____ combines with phosphorylated Cdk to form MPF

MPF

phosphorylates lamins to break down the nuclear envelope into fragments

helicase

hydrolyzes ATP to provide energy to progressively denature DNA to open replication forks

primase

synthesizes a short RNA sequence onto which DNA polymerase adds deoxyribonucleotides

SSB

maintains the single stranded state of template DNAs, especially during lagging strand synthesis

beta clamp

processivity factor associated with DNA Pol III in prokaryotes

treslin

part of the origin recognition complex that prevents S phase until the levels of cyclin A rise sufficiently

Okazaki Fragments

1000 nt long DNAs created during lagging strand synthesis

ligase

seals "nicks" in DNA to create a continuous covalent backbone of phosphodiester bonds

start kinase

phosphorylates Treslin to remove inhibitors of topoisomerase action

Histone H1

phosphorylated by MPF resulting in chromatin condensation