Finding the Best Evidence

Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)

A combination of the best available research evidence, patient values, and clinical expertise.

Evidence

Data derived from clinical research performed on patients.

Theory

Data originating from basic science research or observation.

Evidence Hierarchy

A ranking of evidence sources, with systematic reviews of randomized trials at the highest quality.

Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs)

Studies that combine data from multiple studies for precision, with strong consensus and reliability.

Systematic Reviews

Studies that minimize bias and provide clear conclusions regarding cause-and-effect.

Observational Studies

Research that tracks outcomes over time without intervention, noting the advantages and limitations.

Physiologic Studies

Investigations examining biological mechanisms that provide insights on bodily processes.

Unsystematic Clinical Observations

Case studies or anecdotal evidence that can form the basis for hypotheses but are limited in scope and reliability.

Critical Appraisal of Evidence

The evaluation of research based on validity, importance of results, and applicability to patients.

PICO Framework

A method for formulating clinical questions: Patient/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome.

Boolean Operators

Terms such as 'AND' and 'OR' used to refine search terms in database searches.

MeSH Terms

Medical Subject Headings that help in precise searching within databases.

Patient preferences

The individual values and choices that patients bring to the decision-making process.

Levels of Evidence

A ranking system that indicates the strength of conclusions based on the quality of research.