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sinoatrial (SA) node

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17 Terms

1

sinoatrial (SA) node

to start each heartbeat and set the rhythm for the heart

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2

atrioventricular (AV) node

to delay and move electrical signals from the atria to the ventricles

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3

atrioventricular (AV) bundle

The AV bundle conducts the impulse from the AV node to the ventricles and is located in the interventricular septum.

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4

Purkinje fibers

to move electrical signals from the base of the ventricles toward the top of the heart

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5

AV valves

AV valves (tricuspid and mitral) prevent backflow of blood into the atria during ventricular contraction. They are open during heart relaxation (diastole) and closed during ventricular contraction (systole).

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6

semilunar valves

Semilunar valves (pulmonary and aortic) prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricles after contraction. They are closed during diastole and open during ventricular contraction (systole).

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7

cerebral cortex

control voluntary skeletal muscle, intellectual and emotional processing

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8

thalamus

relays impulses to cerebral cortex

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9

hypothalamus

regulation of autonomic nervous functions, regulates temp, water balance, food

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10

limbic system

mediates emotional response

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11

medulla oblongata

relays sensory input, controls HR, respiratory rate

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12

cerebellum

smooths skeletal muscle movements, regulates balance and posture

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13

calcium

activates binding sites on actin filament

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14

myosin

protein with head that attaches to actin and performs power stroke (thick filament)

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15

actin

protein that myosin head pulls in power stroke, causing muscle to shorten (thin filament)

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16

sarcomere

basic unit of muscle contraction, shortens as actin filaments are pulled toward center

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17

pulmonary v. systemic circulation

  • Pulmonary circulation carries blood to the lungs for oxygenation 

  • Systemic circulation delivers oxygenated blood to the body. 

  • The right side of the heart drives pulmonary circulation 

  • The left side drives systemic circulation.

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