4.2 self determination

Self Determination Theory

is a humanistic theory of motivation that argues each person is driven by an innate need for personal growth

SDT suggests we have three needs

competence, autonomy, relatedness

SDT emphasizes the importance of

autonomy and human relationships and suggests we are most motivated, i.e. self actualized when these needs are met, failure to meet these needs has negative consequences to psychological wellbeing and physical health

competence motivation

reflects a basic human need to experience oneself as capable mastering new challenges and perfect new skills but also experience optimal levels of challenege, i.e. not just success at easy tasks

autonomy

occurs when people experience their actions as a result of free choice, autonomy leads to greater personal control and ownership of behaviours.

relatedness

refers to a bidirectional desire to form meaningful bonds with others and to be cared for, relatedness and autonomy can enhance each other, when we are given autonomy in our relationships we feel more connected.

SDT distinguishes between three types of motivation

amotivation- refers to behaviour that lacks motivation this leads to discontinued behaviour or continual out of routine

intrinsic motivation- occurs because the behavior provides satisfaction or enjoyment

extrinsic motivation- occurs because the behaviour is in service of an external influence, e.gs an authority or reward

under the influence of extrinsic motivation people are

least autonomous, i.e. self determined

under the influence of intrinsic motivation people are

most autonomous