APES Lessons 4 - 6 Practice Quizzes

What biome is shown in the picture?

• Temperate Rainforest

• Taiga Boreal Forest

• Deciduous Temperate Seasonal Rainforest

• Tropical Rainforest

Deciduous Temperate Seasonal Rainforest

• Trees: Maple, Oak, Elm, Hickory

• Soil: nutrient rich - lots of humus from degrading leaves

• Temps: 5°C - 28°C (41°F - 82°F)

• Precipitation in ALL seasons (snow + rain)

• East Coast U.S., Vermont, Canada, Russia Japan

What ecosystem service is the following:
Many varieties of species and various populations of animals and plants are able to live in forests, increasing the genetic diversity in the area

• Provisioning Services

• Regulating Services

• Cultural Services

• Supporting Services

Supporting Services

• Ecosystems themselves couldn’t be sustained without the consistency of underlying natural processes, such as photosynthesis, nutrient cycling, the creation of soils, and the water cycle. These processes allow the Earth to sustain basic life forms, let alone whole ecosystems and people. Without supporting services, provisional, regulating, and cultural services wouldn’t exist.

• Habitats for species, photosynthesis, maintenance of genetic diversity, soil formation, nutrient cycling, water cycle

The concept protecting the inner core of a preserve by establishing 2 buffer zones in which local people can extract resources sustainably without harming the inner core:

• maximum sustainable land

• land trust

• multiple use land

• sustainable forest management

• biosphere reserve

biosphere reserve

What biome is shown in the picture?

• Taiga Boreal Forest

• Tropical Rainforest

• Temperate Rainforest

• Deciduous Temperate Seasonal Rainforest

Temperate Rainforest

• Pine trees (conifers) + some broad leaved trees

• Acidic soil - from pine trees

• Little humus in soil - few leaved trees

• Temp: 2°C to 18°C (36°F - 64°F)

• Precipitation 20 cm high during winter, moderate during spring, 3cm in summer

• Alaska, Oregon, Washington, New Zealand

Which of the following best achieves the goal of providing wood products for humans while preserving biodiversity?

• Clear-cutting of large areas of old-growth forest

• Selective cutting of large areas of old-growth forest

• Using prescribed burns in large areas of old-growth forest

• Planting large tree plantations in abandoned farm fields

Selective cutting of large areas of old-growth forest

Which biome is characterized by the highest diversity of tree species, various broad leaved plants and epiphytes?

• GRAPH A

• GRAPH B

• GRAPH C

• GRAPH D

• GRAPH E

GRAPH B

What biome is shown in the picture?

• Temperate Rainforest

• Taiga Boreal Forest

• Tropical Rainforest

• Deciduous Temperate Seasonal Rainforest

Tropical Rainforest

• Trees: Broad leaf plants (canopy) + Epiphytes - plants that grow on rocks + other plants

• Soil: Acidic from H+ (Hydrogen ions) forming when plants decompose

  • Little nutrients in soil because so many plants take up nutrients

• Temp: Hot, 26°C (79°F), WET - 44 cm rain in a month

• U.S., America, Asia

What term describes a population of new species formed due to the physical geographic separation?

• habitat corridor speciation

• bottleneck speciation

• endemic speciation

• allopatric speciation

• habitat fragmentation speciation

allopatric speciation

• AKA geographic isolation

Which letter of the biomes have the most humus in soil

• Temperate Rainforest

• Deciduous Temperate Seasonal Rainforest

• Tropical Rainforest

• Taiga Boreal Forest

Deciduous Temperate Seasonal Rainforest

• humus: organic, dark material remaining after decomposition by microorganisms

What ecosystem service is the following:

Nutrient cycling takes place in forests decomposing dead leaves and turning it into humus

• Provisioning Services

• Regulating Services

• Cultural Services

• Supporting Services

Supporting Services

• Ecosystems themselves couldn’t be sustained without the consistency of underlying natural processes, such as photosynthesis, nutrient cycling, the creation of soils, and the water cycle. These processes allow the Earth to sustain basic life forms, let alone whole ecosystems and people. Without supporting services, provisional, regulating, and cultural services wouldn’t exist.

• Habitats for species, photosynthesis, maintenance of genetic diversity, soil formation, nutrient cycling, water cycle

What ecosystem service is the following:
Forests release oxygen (via photosynthesis).

• Provisioning Services

• Regulating Services

• Cultural Services

• Supporting Services

Regulating Services

• A regulating service is the benefit provided by ecosystem processes that moderate natural phenomena. All these processes work together to make ecosystems clean, sustainable, functional, and resilient to change. Regulating services are the services that ecosystems provide by acting as regulators, e.g., regulating the quality of air and soil or by promoting flood and disease control.

• Local climate and air quality, erosion prevention and soil fertility, carbon sequestration and storage, pollination, moderation of extreme events, biological control, water-water treatment, water flow

What is the biome located in Oregon, Washington, UK, South Australia and has coniferous trees (pine trees) like Douglas Fir and Spruce Trees?

• Temperate Rainforest

• Deciduous Temperate Seasonal Rainforest

• Tropical Rainforest

• Taiga Boreal Forest

Temperate Rainforest

What ecosystem service is the following:
Forests improve the quality of soil and water by filtering sediments and other pollutants from the water in the soil before it reaches a water source

• Provisioning Services

• Regulating Services

• Cultural Services

• Supporting Services

Regulating Services

• A regulating service is the benefit provided by ecosystem processes that moderate natural phenomena. All these processes work together to make ecosystems clean, sustainable, functional, and resilient to change. Regulating services are the services that ecosystems provide by acting as regulators, e.g., regulating the quality of air and soil or by promoting flood and disease control.

• Local climate and air quality, erosion prevention and soil fertility, carbon sequestration and storage, pollination, moderation of extreme events, biological control, water-water treatment, water flow

Which of the following is a commercially used method for harvesting trees and is most likely to lead to a fragmented landscape with serious impacts on biodiversity?

• Selective cutting

• Clear-cutting

• Shelter-wood cutting

• Strip cutting

• Snag cutting

Clear-cutting

What is the debate over whether it is better to make reserves large in size and few in number or many in number but small in size

• Biosphere

• Land Trust

• SLOSS

• Edge effects

• Habitat corridors

SLOSS

• Single Large reserves Or Several Small reserves

• Large mammals need a single large reserve for hunting + mating

• Insects/birds not affected by several small reserves (able to fly)

What ecosystem service is the following:
Forests provide habitats for many species. Trees are used for food, shelter, and sites for reproduction. Many animals also use trees for resting, nesting and for places from which to hunt or capture prey. When the trees mature, animals are able to enjoy fruits and foraging opportunities.

• Provisioning Services

• Regulating Services

• Cultural Services

• Supporting Services

Supporting Services

• Ecosystems themselves couldn’t be sustained without the consistency of underlying natural processes, such as photosynthesis, nutrient cycling, the creation of soils, and the water cycle. These processes allow the Earth to sustain basic life forms, let alone whole ecosystems and people. Without supporting services, provisional, regulating, and cultural services wouldn’t exist.

• Habitats for species, photosynthesis, maintenance of genetic diversity, soil formation, nutrient cycling, water cycle

What ecosystem service is the following:
Students are able to explore forests and learn about species interactions

• Provisioning Services

• Regulating Services

• Cultural Services

• Supporting Services

Cultural Services

• A cultural service is a non-material benefit that contributes to the development and cultural advancement of people, including how ecosystems play a role in local, national, and global cultures; the building of knowledge and the spreading of ideas; creativity born from interactions with nature (music, art, architecture); and reaction such as hiking, horseback riding, swimming, skiing, hunting, and so on.

• Recreation and mental and physical health, ecotourism, aesthetic appreciation and inspiration for culture, art and design, spiritual experience and sense of place

Which plant is a pioneer species in secondary succession?

• Hickory Trees

• Grasses

• Oak Trees

• Epiphytes

• Lichen

Grasses

• pioneer species: 1st plant to grow back in an area

  • grasses (die and leave nutrients) → shrubs → small trees → oak hickory trees (late successional trees)

Which an advantage of habitat corridors?

• Decrease inbreeding

• Facilitates movement of invasive species

• Facilitates movement of fires

• Facilitates movement of pathogens

• Increases competition

Decrease inbreeding

What is not true about snags?

• Insects that decay the snag are food for other wildlife

• Animals make homes in snags

• Snags accelerate erosion

• Snags add nutrients to the soil increasing the health of the soil

Snags accelerate erosion

What ecosystem service is the following:
Forests have aesthetic value (hiking, camping, photography, tourism, etc.).

• Provisioning Services

• Regulating Services

• Cultural Services

• Supporting Services

Cultural Services

• A cultural service is a non-material benefit that contributes to the development and cultural advancement of people, including how ecosystems play a role in local, national, and global cultures; the building of knowledge and the spreading of ideas; creativity born from interactions with nature (music, art, architecture); and reaction such as hiking, horseback riding, swimming, skiing, hunting, and so on.

• Recreation and mental and physical health, ecotourism, aesthetic appreciation and inspiration for culture, art and design, spiritual experience and sense of place

Which of the following would be the best way to mitigate deforestation?

• Grow more diverse timber products to increase economic value in an area.

• Stimulate intensive agricultural production of native vegetation close to villages.

• Employ clear cutting harvest techniques that are more sustainable.

• Replant and protect trees in areas that have been previously cleared.

Replant and protect trees in areas that have been previously cleared.

What term describes when a large area of land is divided into sections from logging, agricultural land, roads, and urban development creating smaller, scattered and isolated patches?

• Habitat Corridor

• Transitional Area

• Multiple Use Land

• Habitat Fragmentation

• Bottle Neck Effect

Habitat Fragmentation

• habitat corridor: strip of land that connects 2 areas allowing animals to cross

• bottleneck effect: reduction in genetic diversity in a populated area caused by reduction of population size

  • less mates (less alleles) → offspring have more mutations + more susceptibility to disease

Forests that are intact and have not been logged or seriously disturbed by human activities or natural disasters are known as

• Endemic Forests

• Old Growth Forests

• Biosphere Reserve Forests

• Canopy Forests

• Land Trust Forests

Old Growth Forests

• old growth forests: trees between 120-800 years old

• forests have never been logged; “intact”

• trees have varying heights - which allows light to enter - reaches forest floor for seedlings to grow

• high biodiversity

• Endemic Species: unique to one area

• Land Trust: organization that purchases land to protect it

Which are true about Secondary Succession? (multiple choice)

• occurs in an area where soil is present

• occurs in an area where rocks, but no soil is present

• is slower than primary succession

• occurs after logging takes place

occurs in an area where soil is present, occurs after logging takes place

• secondary succession: after logging or fires

  • plants regrow when soil is present

  • growth is faster than primary succession (where rocks have to break down into soil)

What is the biome located in Maine, Canada, Russia and has coniferous trees (pine trees)

• Temperate Rainforest

• Deciduous Temperate Seasonal Rainforest

• Tropical Rainforest

• Taiga Boreal Forest

Taiga Boreal Forest

What is the disadvantage of selective cutting?

• Cleared land could be invaded by aggressive plant species, causing changes to forest composition.

• Requires special methods (helicopters) to extract single trees.

• Results in habitat fragmentation

• Reduces crowding of trees

• Removes diseased trees

Requires special methods (helicopters) to extract single trees.

Which of the following statements best describes clear-cutting forests with the most unsustainable method to harvest timber?

• All but the healthiest trees are removed from a forest.

• The highest-value trees are selectively removed from a forest.

• All of the shade-intolerant trees in a small section of a forest are cut down.

• All of the trees in a forest are cut down and removed in one operation.

All of the trees in a forest are cut down and removed in one operation.

Which an advantage of tree plantations?

• Reduces pressure from forests

• Increased likelihood of soil erosion when all trees cut at once

• Biodiversity decreased

• Prone to disease- could wipe out crop of monoculture trees

• Depletes soil of nutrients

Reduces pressure from forests

What ecosystem service is the following:
Forests provide wood (e.g., construction material, paper)

• Provisioning Services

• Regulating Services

• Cultural Services

• Supporting Services

Provisioning Services

• A provision service is any type of benefit to people that can be extracted from nature. Along with food, other types of provisioning services include drinking water, timber, wood fuel, natural gas, oils, plants that can be made in clothes and other materials, and medicinal benefits.

• Food, raw materials, fresh water, medical resources

In a typical forest ecosystem, dead trees and fallen trees are most important because of their role in which of the following?

• Providing a valuable source of timber

• Providing habitats for wildlife

• Contributing to soil erosion

• Increasing water runoff

• Removing carbon dioxide from the air

Providing habitats for wildlife

A managed tract with uniformly aged trees of one or two genetically uniform species that are harvested by clear-cutting as soon as they become commercially valuable is known as

• second growth forest

• tree plantation

• strip cutting plantation

• clear cutting plantation

• deflected plantation

tree plantation

What biome is shown in the picture?

• Taiga Boreal Forest

• Temperate Rainforest

• Deciduous Temperate Seasonal Rainforest

• Tropical Rainforest

Taiga Boreal Forest

• Pine trees (conifers)

• Acidic soil due to pine needles

• Little humus due to lack of leaves

• Cold temp: -20°C to 15°C

• Little precipitation: 1 to 5 cm

• Alaska, Canada, Russia

Which biome does not have acidic soil?

• Temperate Rainforest

• Deciduous Temperate Seasonal Rainforest

• Tropical Rainforest

• Taiga Boreal Forest

Deciduous Temperate Seasonal Rainforest

• Soil: nutrient rich - lost of humus from decaying leaves

What ecosystem service is the following:
Forests influence the local microclimate affecting humans (change in temperature, shade, UV, wind breaks).

• Provisioning Services

• Regulating Services

• Cultural Services

• Supporting Services

Regulating Services

• A regulating service is the benefit provided by ecosystem processes that moderate natural phenomena. All these processes work together to make ecosystems clean, sustainable, functional, and resilient to change. Regulating services are the services that ecosystems provide by acting as regulators, e.g., regulating the quality of air and soil or by promoting flood and disease control.

• Local climate and air quality, erosion prevention and soil fertility, carbon sequestration and storage, pollination, moderation of extreme events, biological control, water-water treatment, water flow

What forests form a single canopy layer of trees that are generally the same age after the original trees have been removed by human activities

• Endemic Forests

• Old Growth Forests

• Biosphere Reserve Forests

• Second Growth Forests

• Land Trust Forests

Second Growth Forests

What ecosystem service is the following:
Forests provide food products for human consumption (nuts, fungi- mushrooms, deer).

• Provisioning Services

• Regulating Services

• Cultural Services

• Supporting Services

Provisioning Services

• A provision service is any type of benefit to people that can be extracted from nature. Along with food, other types of provisioning services include drinking water, timber, wood fuel, natural gas, oils, plants that can be made in clothes and other materials, and medicinal benefits.

• Food, raw materials, fresh water, medical resources

What ecosystem service is the following:
Forests provide habitat for many species. Trees are used for food, shelter, and sites for reproduction. Many animals also use trees for resting, nesting and for places from which to hunt or capture prey. When the trees mature, animals are able to enjoy fruits and foraging opportunities.

• Provisioning Services

• Regulating Services

• Cultural Services

• Supporting Services

Supporting Services

• Ecosystems themselves couldn’t be sustained without the consistency of underlying natural processes, such as photosynthesis, nutrient cycling, the creation of soils, and the water cycle. These processes allow the Earth to sustain basic life forms, let alone whole ecosystems and people. Without supporting services, provisional, regulating, and cultural services wouldn’t exist.

• Habitats for species, photosynthesis, maintenance of genetic diversity, soil formation, nutrient cycling, water cycle

Which best describes Second Growth Forests?

• are important because they are biologically diverse and are often home to endemic and rare species.

• are only dead trees in a forest

• single canopy layer of trees that are generally the same age after the original trees have been removed by human activities.

• a place where plants are grown for display to the public and often for scientific studies

• are intact forests that have not been logged or seriously disturbed by human activities or natural disasters

single canopy layer of trees that are generally the same age after the original trees have been removed by human activities.

• trees regrow at same rate, form single layer canopy → decreased light to forest floor + less seedlings

Which forest harvesting technique is will bring in the greatest profit?

• Shelterbelt

• Ecologically sustainable forestry

• Selective cutting

• Shelter tree

• Clear-cutting

Clear-cutting

The term used to describe when local or regional organizations purchase land to protect it, is known as

• maximum sustainable land

• land trust

• multiple use land

• sustainable forest management

• biosphere reserve

land trust

Which of the following is the logging method that clear cuts a section of trees along the contour (edge) of the land, with the corridor narrow enough to allow natural regeneration within a few years ?

• Selective cutting

• Clear-cutting

• Shelter-wood cutting

• Strip cutting

• Snag cutting

Strip cutting

What is the biome located in East Coast, Japan, Russia and has Maple, Oak and Hickory trees?

• Temperate Rainforest

• Deciduous Temperate Seasonal Rainforest

• Tropical Rainforest

• Taiga Boreal Forest

Deciduous Temperate Seasonal Rainforest

Advantages of what logging method is .... Reduces damage to environment/habitats, reduces crowding of trees, causes less erosion, encourages the growth of younger trees, maintains the age distribution of the original forest, and can be sustainable.

• prescribed cutting

• selective cutting

• secondary cutting

• clear cutting

• strip cutting

selective cutting

What is the biome located in South America, Asia, West Africa and has a canopy of broad leaved trees

• Temperate Rainforest

• Deciduous Temperate Seasonal Rainforest

• Tropical Rainforest

• Taiga Boreal Forest

Tropical Rainforest

A negative effect of smelting is

• crown fires

• air pollution

• nutrient reduction in soil

• acid mine drainage

• landslides

Air pollution

What valuable mineral is mined from a Bauxite Ore?

• Aluminum

• Lead

• Silicon

• Uranium

• Iron

Aluminum

The ______Law of thermodynamics describes how heat is lost when electricity is generated from coal.

• 2nd

• 1st

• 3rd

• 4th

2nd

DDT is considered both (multiple choice)

• muscle soluble and builds up in your muscle tissue

• water soluble and dissolves in your fat tissue

• biomagnifying

• water soluble and is excreted through urination and perspiration

• fat soluble and builds up in your fat tissue

muscle soluble and builds up in your muscle tissue, fat soluble and builds up in your fat tissue

Swamps consisting of trees, ferns and moss have formed which fossil fuel? ________________

• Oil

• Coal

• Natural gas

• Nuclear

Coal

Placer Mining takes place

• on the tops of mountains

• on the hill side

• in a river

• underground

• on flat land

in a river

The process of extracting and separating gold in remote regions often results in environmental contamination with which of the following?

• Ozone

• Cyanide

• Sulfuric Acid

• Asbestos

• Selenium

Cyanide

What is a concern with contour mining?

• Landslides

• Methane explosion

• Coal dust explosion

• CO/CO2 = suffocation

• Black lung disease

Landslides

What valuable mineral is mined from a Hematite Ore?

• Aluminum

• Lead

• Silicon

• Uranium

• Iron

Iron

___________________ coal isn’t really coal, is partially decaying organic matter.

• peat

• anthracite

• bituminous

• lignite

peat

The Madrid Protocol prohibits mineral exploration for 50 years in

• Antarctica

• Hawaii

• Alaska

• Spain

• Tropical Rainforests

Antarctica

How can methane explosions be prevented?

• lead cutting tools

• sprinkling mercury on methane

• silicon chips in cutting tools

• limestone sprinkled on methane

• water sprayed from cutting tool

water sprayed from cutting tool

The type of mining on hilly or mountainous terrain when sections are cut out of the side of a hill is called

• contour mining

• open pit mining

• subsurface mining

• mountain top mining

• strip mining

contour mining

Piles of overburden produced when materials are removed by mining is called

• slag

• tailings

• heap

• gangue

• spoil

spoil

What process is described: Some toxic compounds pose special risks to humans and other organisms high on the food chain because as they prey on lower trophic levels the toxins move up.

• Synergism

• Compound contamination

• Biomagnification

• Threshold effect

• Carcinogenesis

Biomagnification

In a lake, a fish consumes a toxin and over its lifetime it gets takes in more and more toxin in its tissue. This is an example of

• Bio-Synergism

• Bio-Overshoot

• Biomagnification

• Biopartioning

• Bioaccumulation

Bioaccumulation

The gangue removed as impurities that is separated from the metal in an ore are called

• tailings

• overburden

• slag

• gangue

• spoils

tailings

What type of mining is described: Type of mining used where the terrain is flat. An earthmover strips away the overburden, and a power shovel digs a cut to remove the mineral deposit. After removal of the mineral, the trench is filled with overburden, and a new cut is made parallel to the previous one.

• contour mining

• open pit mining

• subsurface mining

• mountain top mining

• strip mining

strip mining

What type of surface mining causes rock and dirt to fall into valleys and rivers below it?

• contour mining

• open pit mining

• subsurface mining

• mountain top mining

• strip mining

mountain top mining

What type of surface mining causes water, air and noise pollution?

• contour mining

• open pit mining

• subsurface mining

• mountain top mining

• strip mining

mountain top mining

How can coal dust explosions be prevented?

• lead

• mercury

• silicon

• limestone

• water

limestone

____________________ coal has low sulfur and low energy.

• anthracite

• bituminous

• lignite

• peat

lignite

A chemical that is water soluble and is excreted through urination and perspiration is

• lead

• DDT

• caffeine

• Mercury

caffeine

The device that sprays water with a base on contaminated air removing sulfur dioxide and other acids is called a(n) _______________________________.

• Bag house filter

• Electrostatic precipitator

• Wet scrubber

• Cyclone separator

Wet scrubber

What is done to prevent coal dust explosions in subsurface mining?

• limestone sprinkled on coal dust

• water sprayed on machinery

• coal dust sprinkled on machinery

• canary birds detect coal dust levels

• drainage of mines of acidic water

limestone sprinkled on coal dust

Waste or undesired material in an ore attached to the mineral/metal

• overburden

• tailings

• heap

• gangue

• spoil

gangue

What type of mining used where the terrain is flat. An earthmover strips away the overburden, and a power shovel digs a cut to remove the mineral deposit?

• contour mining

• open pit mining

• subsurface mining

• mountain top mining

• area strip mining

area strip mining

What type of mining is described: Extraction of a metal ore or fuel resource such as coal from a 100 m deep underground deposit

• contour mining

• open pit mining

• subsurface mining

• mountain top mining

• strip mining

subsurface mining

A cost that is not included in the purchase price of the product or service is considered a

• marginal cost

• Kuznet’s cost

• externality

• full cost pricing

• depletion cost

externality

Which of the following best describes acid mine drainage?

• Reclamation of mines by removing excess water

• When water rinses out toxic materials out of a mine carrying sulfuric acid to nearby streams and groundwater

• The use of acids to leach minerals from rocks to increase smelting efficiency

• Increased water pollution from acid rain entering copper mines

• Acid production by anaerobic bacteria in coal mines

When water rinses out toxic materials out of a mine carrying sulfuric acid to nearby streams and groundwater

Which type of mining causes habitat fragmentation due to the high wall formed that prohibits animals from crossing?

• contour mining

• open pit mining

• subsurface mining

• mountain top mining

• strip mining

contour mining

What valuable mineral is mined from a Galena Ore?

• Aluminum

• Lead

• Silicon

• Uranium

• Iron

Lead

The stony waste matter separated from metals during the smelting or refining of ore is called

• slag

• tailings

• overburden

• gangue

• spoil

slag

____________________ coal is the best because it has low sulfur and high energy.

• anthracite

• bituminous

• lignite

• peat

anthracite

What valuable mineral is mined from a Pitchblend Ore

• Aluminum

• Lead

• Silicon

• Uranium

• Iron

Uranium

Illness in which coal miners' lungs become coated with coal dust, causing a chronic condition in which breathing becomes difficult and painful.

• BLACK LUNG DISEASE

• COAL LUNG DISEASE

• METHANE LUNG DISEASE

• MINING LUNG DISEASE

• SUB-SURFACE MINING LUNG DISEASE

BLACK LUNG DISEASE

The process in which a desired metal is separated from the other elements in an ore using high temps is called

• ore leaching

• smelting

• acid mine drainage

• contour mining

• heap leaching

smelting

What type of mining is described: Removing vertical and horizontal ores by digging them out of the earth's surface and leaving a hole.

• contour mining

• open pit mining

• subsurface mining

• mountain top mining

• strip mining

open pit mining

Why does AMD turn river water a red/orange color?

• Metals are soluble in acidic water and then oxidize

• Sulfur reacts with the soil

• Smelting releases sulfur into the water

• The toxins are fat soluble and builds up in the tissue of fish

Metals are soluble in acidic water and then oxidize

What are remediation options for Acid Mine Drainage? (multiple choice)

• Use Plants in the process of Phytoremediation to remove heavy metals from the contaminated soil

• Add a base- Limestone, Calcium Carbonate, Sodium Hydroxide to neutralize the acids

• Add sulfur to neutralize the metals

• Add more water to dilute the acids

• Add Sulfate Reducing Bacteria to remove the acid conditions from the water

Use Plants in the process of Phytoremediation to remove heavy metals from the contaminated soil, Add a base- Limestone, Calcium Carbonate, Sodium Hydroxide to neutralize the acids, Add more water to dilute the acids, Add Sulfate Reducing Bacteria to remove the acid conditions from the water

When coal is used to generate electricity it also creates heat that can warm up nearby buildings, this is called ________________________.

• Cogeneration

• Biomass

• Franking

• By heat

Cogeneration

When Mercury enters a lake, it is converted to Methyl Mercury by

• fish

• bacteria

• a reaction with acids

• soil on the bottom of the lake

• worms

bacteria

The layer of soil, rock and vegetation above a mineral deposit is known as

• tailings

• overburden

• slag

• gangue

• spoils

overburden

Which is not a step to reclaim a mining area?

• REMOVE SLAG FROM THE MINING AREA

• ADD TOPSOIL (NUTRIENTS)

• RESHAPE LAND

• FILL HOLE WITH SEDIMENT

• PLANT NATIVE PLANTS SO NATIVE ANIMALS RETURN

REMOVE SLAG FROM THE MINING AREA

Caffiene is considered

• muscle soluble and builds up in your muscle tissue

• water soluble and dissolves in your fat tissue

• biomagnifying

• water soluble and is excreted through urination and perspiration

• fat soluble and builds up in your fat tissue

water soluble and is excreted through urination and perspiration

Coal is burned and heats up water in the _________________. Steam turns a ______________that is connected to the shaft of the______________________which turns and produces electricity.

• furnace, boiler, turbine

• Boiler, generator, turbine

• boiler, turbine, generator

• Wet scrubber, generator, turbine

boiler, turbine, generator

Which of the following pollutants poses a health risk to humans who eat large quantities of marine fish such as swordfish and tuna?

• Radon

• Mercury

• Lead

• Copper

• Iron

Mercury

Which of the following is an environmental problem associated with abandoned coal mines?

• Acid drainage due to leaching of spoil heaps by rainwater

• Air pollution caused by smog from ozone formation

• Alkaline solutions that pollute streams

• Released nutrients that cause eutrophication into streams

• Thermal pollution of streams in the area

Acid drainage due to leaching of spoil heaps by rainwater

Which of the following is the best description of bioaccumulation?

• The uptake of essential nutrients by plant roots

• The absorption of a substance by an organism at a rate greater than the rate of elimination

• The transfer of persistent pollutants like PCBs from one generation to the next

• A process that occurs exclusively in marine ecosystems

• A high mortality rate in organisms that have been exposed to a toxin

The absorption of a substance by an organism at a rate greater than the rate of elimination

Minamata disease is a neurological disease cause by severe poisoning of what chemical?

• DDT

• Uranium

• Mercury

• Carbon Monoxide

• Lead

Mercury

The legislation that mandates that land should be minimally disturbed during the mining process and reclaimed after mining is completed is called the

• Mining Law of 1872

• Madrid Protocol

• General Surface Mining Act

• Surface Mining Act

• Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act

Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act

____________________ coal has high sulfur and high energy.

• anthracite

• bituminous

• peat

• lignite

bituminous

One device called a(n)_____________________ that removes particulates from contaminated air uses charged plates.

• Cyclone separator

• Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP)

• Wet scrubber

• Bag house filter

Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP)

What is a negative effect of Acid Mine Drainage?

• Blocks sunlight, preventing photosynthesis, killing plants, decreasing oxygen and food for animals

• Fish eggs & frog eggs develop quicker and population overshoots the carrying capacity

• Plant tissues produce high levels of chlorophyll

• Bacteria break down sulfur

Blocks sunlight, preventing photosynthesis, killing plants, decreasing oxygen and food for animals

What valuable mineral is mined from a Quartz Ore?

• Aluminum

• Lead

• Silicon

• Uranium

• Iron

Silicon