APUSH - Imperialism/WW1 Vocab

Frederick Jackson Turner

Historian known for the 'Frontier Thesis' which argued that the American frontier shaped the nation's character.

Josiah Strong

A preacher and proponent of Anglo-Saxon superiority, advocating for American expansionism.

Senator Albert Beveridge

Prominent advocate for American imperialism during the early 20th century, known for his support of the Philippines acquisition.

Good Neighbor Policy

US foreign policy aimed at improving relations with Latin America during the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration.

Alfred Thayer Mahan

Naval officer whose ideas on the influence of sea power on global politics encouraged naval expansion.

Queen Liliuokalani

Last reigning monarch of Hawaii who was overthrown in 1893.

Open Door Policy

US policy aimed at ensuring equal trading rights in China and preventing colonial monopolies.

Boxer Rebellion

A nationalist uprising in China (1899-1901) against foreign influence and intervention.

William McKinley

President of the United States who led the nation during the Spanish-American War.

'Splendid Little War'

Phrase used by Secretary of State John Hay to describe the Spanish-American War.

Jose Marti

Cuban revolutionary leader and poet who fought for Cuban independence from Spain.

Cuba Libre

Movement advocating for the independence of Cuba from Spanish rule.

Joseph Pulitzer

Newspaper publisher known for developing yellow journalism and sensationalist reporting.

William Randolph Hearst

Media mogul and rival to Pulitzer, known for sensationalist journalism.

'Yellow Journalism'

Sensationalized news reporting that exaggerated and dramatized events to attract readers.

U.S.S. Maine

American battleship that exploded in Havana harbor, catalyzing the Spanish-American War.

Teller Amendment

Legislation stating that the US would not annex Cuba after defeating Spain.

Rough Riders

Volunteer cavalry regiment led by Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish-American War.

Platt Amendment

Legislation that granted the US the right to intervene in Cuban affairs.

Cuban-American Treaty 1903

Agreement that granted the US a naval base at Guantanamo Bay.

George Dewey

Commodore of the US Navy who led the naval victory at the Battle of Manila Bay.

Emilio Aguinaldo

Filipino revolutionary leader who fought for independence against both Spain and the United States.

Expansion

Policy of territorial or economic growth, significant in US history during the 19th and early 20th centuries.

Anti-Imperialists League

Group formed to oppose US expansion and imperialism, particularly in the Philippines.

Filipino Liberation Society

Organization that sought independence for the Philippines after Spanish colonial rule.

John Pershing

US General who led American forces in World War I.

Triple Alliance/Entente

Military alliances prior to and during World War I; the Triple Alliance consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, while the Triple Entente included France, Russia, and Britain.

Lusitania

British ocean liner sunk by a German U-boat in 1915, influencing US opinion against Germany.

Sussex Pledge

A promise made by Germany to the US in 1916 to stop unrestricted submarine warfare.

National Security League

Organization advocating for military preparedness and national defense during WWI.

National Defense Act

Legislation passed in 1916 to expand the US Army in preparation for possible involvement in WWI.

Zimmerman Note

Intercepted telegram from Germany to Mexico proposing a military alliance against the US, contributing to US entry into WWI.

CPI + George Creel

Committee on Public Information, led by George Creel, created to promote the war effort and generate public support.

Selective Service Act

Law passed in 1917 that authorized the draft for military service in WWI.

American Expeditionary Force

The US military forces sent to Europe during WWI, led by General John Pershing.

War Industries Board

Government agency that coordinated industrial production for the war effort.

Liberty Bonds

War bonds sold to support the Allied cause during WWI.

National War Labor Board

Agency that mediated labor disputes and aimed to prevent strikes during WWI.

Immigration Act of 1917

Legislation that restricted immigration from certain countries and established literacy requirements.

Alice Paul

Suffragist and women's rights activist who advocated for the 19th Amendment.

Espionage and Sedition Acts

Laws passed in 1917-1918 that suppressed dissent against the US involvement in WWI.

Schenk v. US

Supreme Court case that upheld the Espionage Act, establishing limits on free speech during wartime.

Debs v. US

Supreme Court case involving socialist leader Eugene Debs, upholding convictions for anti-war speech.

Abrams v. US

Supreme Court case that further clarified the limits of free speech under the Espionage Act.

Great Migration

The movement of African Americans from the South to Northern cities during and after WWI for jobs and better opportunities.

Wilson's Fourteen Points

President Wilson's outline for lasting peace after WWI, emphasizing self-determination and the League of Nations.

Treaty of Versailles

The peace treaty that ended World War I, imposing penalties on Germany and redrawing European borders.

Henry Cabot Lodge

Senator who led opposition to the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations in the US Senate.