The Neuroscience of Vision and Perception

Visual Search Tasks

Highlight importance of features in recognition.

Perceptual Parsing

Organizing visual input for interpretation.

Gestalt Psychology

Focuses on organization in mental activity.

Grouping Principles

Methods for organizing visual elements: similarity, proximity.

Perception

Complex interpretation of sensory information.

Mondegreens

Misinterpretations due to ambiguous sensory input.

Feature Detectors

Identify basic visual elements like lines and angles.

Figure and Ground Segregation

Distinguishing object from background.

Logical Interpretations

Perceptual system favors consistent and complete interpretations.

Impossible Figures

Demonstrate limits of perceptual logic.

Feature Nets

Hierarchical detectors for visual processing.

Geons

Building blocks for recognizing 3D objects.

Visual Agnosia

Inability to assign meaning despite accurate descriptions.

Ganglion Cells

Specialized cells for color, form, motion, depth.

Parallel Processing

Simultaneous analysis of different visual features.

What System

Identifies objects, located in the temporal lobe.

Where System

Locates objects and coordinates movement, in parietal lobe.

Binding Problem

Challenge of combining information from different brain areas.

Size Constancy

Perceiving constant size despite retinal image changes.

Shape Constancy

Perceiving constant shape despite viewing angle changes.

Brightness Constancy

Perceiving constant brightness despite illumination changes.

Unconscious Inference

Contextual information influences perception unconsciously.

Depth Cues

Binocular and monocular cues for judging depth.

Binocular Disparity

Differences in views between two eyes.

Monocular Depth Cues

Single-eye cues like accommodation and pictorial cues.

Optic Flow

Changes in retinal stimulation during movement.

Redundancy of Cues

Using multiple cues ensures accurate depth perception.