Metabolic Alkalosis Disrupted Homeostasis

Vocabulary flashcards reviewing key terms, causes, manifestations, compensation mechanisms, and diagnostics for metabolic alkalosis based on the study items.

ABG Pattern of Metabolic Alkalosis

Serum bicarbonate is increased and pH is above 7.45.

Hydrogen-Loss Mechanisms

Renal and GI loss of hydrogen ions.

Intracellular Mechanism

Intracellular shift of hydrogen ions.

Bicarbonate Mechanism

Retention or addition of bicarbonate.

Gastric Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis

Vomiting and gastric suction causing loss of gastric hydrogen ion.

Intake-Related Cause of Metabolic Alkalosis

Excessive bicarbonate intake.

Medication Class Causing Metabolic Alkalosis

Diuretics.

Endocrine Cause of Metabolic Alkalosis

Hyperaldosteronism.

Metabolic Alkalosis in Hospitalized Clients

Described as a common diagnosis.

Mental-Status Manifestation

Confusion.

Respiratory Compensation

Hypoventilation, involving decreased respiratory rate and depth.

Renal Response and Correction

Increased bicarbonate excretion through the kidneys, involving $H^+$ generation/retention and $HCO_3^-$ excretion.

Neuromuscular Findings

Muscle weakness and paresthesia.

Cardiac Rhythm Problem

Tachydysrhythmias.

Diagnostics for Metabolic Alkalosis

ABGs, electrolytes, BUN, creatinine, and EKG.

Page 11 Infographic Neuropsychiatric Findings

Dizziness, irritability, anxiety, and seizures.

Page 11 Infographic GI Findings

Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Page 11 Infographic Neuromuscular Findings

Tremors, muscle cramps, and tingling of fingers and toes.

Page 11 Infographic Cardiac Finding

Dysrhythmias.

Disrupted Homeostasis (Page 12 Diagram)

Loss of $H^+$ and gain of $HCO_3^-$.

Metabolic Alkalosis Memory Pattern

pH up + $HCO_3^-$ up.