Endocrine System

Hormone

any chemical that is released into the blood and effects target tissue

Free- Form Hormone

Hormone that is not within a carrier protien

Protien Bound Form

A hormone that needs a protien to travel

Carrier Protien

Protien that carries the hormone

Positive Feedback

more stimulaiton

Negative Feedback

shuts down production

Permissive Effect

A hormone needs another hormone to work properly

Growth Hormone NEEDS

Thyroid

Epinephrin NEEDS

Thyroid

Glucagon NEEDS…

Cortisol

GHRH

Growth Releasing Hormone

GH

Growth Hormone

CRH

corticotropic releasing hormone

ACTH

adrenal corticotropic releasing hormone

MSH

Meloncyte Stimulating Hormone

GnRH

gonedotropic releasing hormone

LH

Lutenizing Hormone

FSH

Follicle Releasing Hormone

TRH

thyorid releasing hormone

TSH

thyroid stimulating hormone

PIF

prolactin inhibitory factor

Growth Releasing Hormone

promotes growth of bones and muscles

Lipolysis

breakdown of lipids

Glycogenolysis

break down of glycogen

Gluconeogensis

making new glucose

Plasma Half Life

amount of time a hormone is active

IGF

Insulin Like Growth Factor

Hypoglycemia

Low Sugar

Hyperglycemia

High Sugar

Insulin Like Growth Factor

carry out the effects of growth hormone with a longer plasma half life

ACTH

Adrenocorticotropichormone

ACTH Location

Adrenal Glands

Adernal Medula

has chromefin cells

Chromofin Cells

release epinepherin

First Layer of the Adrenal Gland

Zona Glomerulosa

Second Layer of the Adrenal Gland

Zona Fascicluata

Third Layer of the Adrenal Gland

Zona Reticularis

ACTH Goal

Release cortisal

Zona Glomerulosa

released Aldosteron

Zona Fasciclulata

released Cortisol

Zona Reticularis

releases adrenal androgen

Cortisol

favors lipolygensis, gluconeogensis glucugenolysis, increases blood sugar

Cortisols Permissive Effect on Glucagon

shuts down immune response

Cortisol Feedback

Negative feedback, and can inhbit its own secretion

Cortisol Inhibits

CRH and ACTH

Adrenal Androgens

secondary sexual characterisics

DHEA

Dihydroxyepiandrostron

DHEA

most potent androgen and does not need a carrier protein

Aldosterion

reaborption of NA and H2O, increased blood volume, increased potassium secretion via kidneys

Angotensin II

stimulates Aldosteron

Renin

realeased ANG I, then ACE, then ANG II

TRH

thyroid releasing hormone

TSH

thyroid stimulating hormone

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

releasing thyroid hormone

Thyroid Gland Composition

Thyroid Follice

TBG

Thyroid Globolin

Follicular Cell

simble cubiodal cell along the follicle

Thyroglobolin

made with amino acid Tyrosin

T3 and T4 Production

iodine is taken from blood, form is changed to keep from leaking, MIT and DIT are bonded to form T3 and T4, a vesicle will shuttle it out, but will destroy all other version of T only leaving T3 and T4

Peroxidation

change iodine into another form to trap it in the cell

MIT

monoiodinetryosin

DIT

Didonotysosin

T3

more potent and biologically active

T4

attaches to carrier protien Thyrobiding Globulin

Thyroid Hormone

basometabolic rate, beta one receptors in heart, permissive effect on Growth Hormone

CNS Maturation

neural tube develoupment due to thyroid

Goiter

thyroid gland becomes huge

Parafollicular Cells

secretes calcitonin, comes out when blood calcium is low

PTH

Parathyroid Hormone

Parathyroid Hormone

stimulates osteoclasts and and releases phosphates from kidneys to release calcium

GnRH

Gonadtropic Releasing Hormone

Follicle Stiumlating Hormone

women, goes to ovaries and stimulates follicles and estrogen secretion, men, responsible for spermogensis

Lutanizing Hormone

women- repsonible for ovulation and progesteron secreition

men- respobile for producing testonsterone

PIF

Prolactin Inhibitory Factor

Prolactin Inhibotory Factor

prevents prolactin release

Prolactin

releases milk and prepares breast tissue

Prolactin Inhbits

Gondadotropic releasing hormone

ECF

extra cellular fluid

ECF Location

Posterior Pituatry Gland

ADH

anti diuretic hormone

Anti Diurectic Hormone

promotes the reabosption of water from urine

Nephrons

collecting ducts

Oxytocin

powerful uterine contractions and to stop bleeding after childbirth, and milk ejection

Beta Cell

releases insulin

Alpha Cell

releases glucagon

Beta Cells Procedure

releases insulin, when glucose enters, glucost blocks channels, increase in K will allow depolization and ca ions to enter the cell, which will go into blood as insulin

Insulin

promotes glucose entry into the cell

Proinsulin

inactive insulin

C Peptide

clinical marker to know if there is any naturally made insulin

Thymus

creates thymosin

Thymosin

maturation of T-Lympocytes

ANP

atrial neutrotiopeptide

Atrial Neurotiopeptide

increases water excretion in the kidneys

Erythopoietin

increases red blood cell production

List of Stress Hormones

GH, Epinephren, Cortisol, Thyroid, Glucagon