Electric Circuits

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Flashcards for reviewing concepts about electric circuits, including circuit diagrams, series and parallel circuits, power and energy calculations, and electrical safety.

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34 Terms

1
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What is the purpose of wiring in a building?

Wiring installed by an electrician to bring electric current into a building, usually from one main box in a house.

2
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What do circuit diagrams use to represent the parts of a circuit?

Symbols representing parts of a circuit, including an energy source and devices run by electrical energy.

3
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What is an electric circuit?

A complete path through which charge can flow.

4
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What does a circuit diagram show?

Shows one or more complete paths in which charge can flow, with arrows indicating current direction from positive to negative.

5
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What do switches indicate in a circuit?

Shows where a circuit can be opened to stop the flow of current.

6
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What happens when a switch is open in a circuit?

The circuit is not a complete loop, and current stops flowing.

7
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What happens when a switch is closed in a circuit?

The circuit is complete, allowing charge to flow.

8
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What happens if one element stops functioning in a series circuit?

If one element fails, none of the elements operate because charge has only one path.

9
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What happens if one element stops functioning in a parallel circuit?

If one element fails, the others can still operate because charge has multiple paths.

10
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How does charge flow in a series circuit?

Charge has only one path through which to flow.

11
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What happens if a bulb burns out in a series circuit?

It becomes an open circuit, stopping the flow of charge.

12
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How does adding bulbs to a series circuit affect the current and brightness?

Adding bulbs increases resistance, decreases current, and makes each bulb shine less brightly.

13
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What is a parallel circuit?

An electric circuit with two or more paths through which charges can flow.

14
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What happens if one bulb burns out in a parallel circuit?

Charge still flows along the other paths, and the other bulbs stay lit.

15
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Why are electric circuits in a home wired in parallel?

So they can operate independently.

16
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How is electric power calculated?

Voltage multiplied by current.

17
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What is the unit of electric power?

The joule per second, or watt (W).

18
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If an electric oven is connected to a 240-volt line and uses 34 amps of current, what is the power used by the oven?

An oven uses 8200 watts of power.

19
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A clothes dryer uses about 27 amps of current from a 240-volt line. How much power does it use?

6500 W

20
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A camcorder has a power rating of 2.3 watts. If the output voltage from its battery is 7.2 volts, what current does it use?

0.32 A

21
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A power tool uses about 12 amps of current and has a power rating of 1440 watts. What voltage does the tool require?

120 V

22
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How do you find the electrical energy used by an appliance?

Multiply power by time.

23
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What devices help make electricity safe to use?

Correct wiring, fuses, circuit breakers, insulation, and grounded plugs.

24
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What happens if the current in a household circuit exceeds the safety limit?

The wire may overheat if the current exceeds the circuit’s safety limit.

25
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What does a fuse do?

Prevents current overload by melting a wire if too much current passes through it.

26
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What is a circuit breaker?

A switch that opens when current in a circuit is too high.

27
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Why is electrical wiring insulated?

To protect people from shocks.

28
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Why should you avoid touching electrical devices with wet hands?

They conduct current more readily when they are wet.

29
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What do three-prong plugs do?

Prevent shocks caused by short circuits.

30
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What is grounding?

The transfer of excess charge through a conductor to Earth.

31
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What does a ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) do?

It monitors current flowing to and from an outlet, and opens the circuit if these currents are not equal.

32
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A number of light bulbs are connected to an energy source in a series circuit. What will happen to the other bulbs if one of the bulbs burns out?

They will turn off.

33
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A pair of 15-watt computer speakers are connected to a 12-volt power supply. What is the electric current running through the speakers?

1.25 A

34
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A ground-fault circuit interrupter is a switch that opens to prevent overheating when the current in a circuit is too high. True or False?

False, it is a circuit breaker.