Zoology and Phyla Review Flashcards

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering Cnidarians, Platyhelminthes, Annelids, Arthropods, and Chordates based on lecture notes.

Medusa

A cnidarian body form characterized by tentacles hanging down, typically seen in jellies.

Polyp

A cnidarian body form with tentacles pointing up, found in animals such as corals, anemones, hydras, sea fans, and sea pens.

Phylum Platyhelminthes

A phylum of animals identified as flatworms that exhibit bilateral symmetry.

Planaria

Flatworms that scavenge on the bottom of ponds and use chemical sensors on their triangular heads to locate waste.

Ventral side

The location of a planarian animal's mouth, which opens into the pharynx.

Class Trematoda

Commonly known as flukes, these are parasitic flatworms that are dangerous to humans.

Class Oligochaeta

The class of Annelida that includes earthworms.

Setae

Spiky hair-like structures on the ventral surface of earthworms used to help them crawl.

Clitellum

A bump located behind the anterior end of an earthworm used for secreting mucus during mating and forming cocoons for eggs.

Class Polychaeta

A class of Annelida found in marine environments such as sandy beaches, rocky shores, and kelp forests.

Nereis

A genus of polychaete worms known as ragworms or sandworms.

Leeches

A group of Annelids that suck blood and are used medically in microsurgery to improve blood flow in congested tissues.

Phylum Arthropoda

A phylum of animals with bilateral symmetry, an exoskeleton, segmented bodies, and jointed appendages.

"Arthro"

A prefix meaning jointed.

"Pod"

A suffix meaning foot or leg.

Subphylum Chelicerata

A subphylum of Arthropoda that includes horseshoe crabs, spiders, ticks, scorpions, and mites.

Limulus

The genus of horseshoe crabs, which are more biologically similar to spiders and scorpions than to true crabs.

Subphylum Hexapoda

The subphylum of Arthropoda that identifies insects, with approximately $200,000,000$ individuals for every human on Earth.

Subphylum Crustacea

A subphylum of Arthropoda that includes shrimp, crabs, lobster, and krill.

Complete Metamorphosis

A type of insect development consisting of four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult.

Nymphalidae

The family to which Monarch butterflies belong; they are currently endangered due to habitat loss and pesticides.

Phylum Chordata

The phylum to which both humans and salmon belong.

Adult Chordate Features in Humans

According to the transcript, these include the dorsal nerve chord, notochord, pharyngeal arches, and post-anal tail.