ESA and CITES (NRM 300 Quiz 1)

What year did the ESA become law?

1973

What does ESA stand for?

Endangered Species Act

What does the ESA do?

Provides a program for the conservation of threatened and endangered animals and their habitats

How are critical habitats managed under the ESA?

The direct and indirect destruction of the habitat is prohibited (open to interpretation)

What agencies are in charge of administration and enforcement of the ESA?

NOAA and USFWS

What species group does NOT have protections under the ESA?

amphibians

What are the two ways species can be considered for classification?

Petition Process and Candidate Assessment

Who can submit a petition in the petition process?

Anyone

Who can submit a petition in the candidate assessment process?

Biologists

What are the 5 factors used to determine classifications?

Present or threatened destruction of habitat, overutilization, disease/predation, inadequacy of regulatory mechanisms, and other factors affecting species survival

What are the 4 ways a species can be overutilized?

CERS- Commercial, Educational, Recreational, Scientific

When can a species be delisted?

threats must be eliminated/controlled, and habitat quality/quantity must be evaluated

What are three possible outcomes of a pre-project assessment?

Listing is not warranted, listing is warranted, and listing is warranted but precluded

What is an endangered species?

A species in danger of extinction in all or most of it’s range

What is a threatened species?

A species likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future

What is a candidate species?

Species with which the USFWS has enough information about it’s biological status, but not enough to be proposed for a listing

What is a species of management concern?

A species that has been affected or will be affected by impacts on population or its habitat

What does SOCC/SOMC stand for?

Species of conservation concern/Species of management concern

Federally endangered species are classified as…

LE

Federally threatened species are classified as…

LT

State endangered species are classified as…

SE

State threatened species are classified as…

ST

Federal concern species are classified as…

LC

State concern species are classified as…

SC

T/F: a species can be listed as endangered within a state but not endangered federally

True

What is a critical habitat?

A habitat where a threatened or endangered species lives on in it’s natural range or that contain physical or biological features the species needs for conservation

What does HCP stand for?

Habitat conservation plan

What are the components of a Full Recovery Plan?

A description of site-specific management actions, objective and measurable criteria for delisting, and estimates of time and cost to achieve the goal

Who determined whether a species is threatened or endangered?

Secretary of the interior

What is the federal nexus in regards to the ESA?

The ESA affects things on the federal level

How often is the status of endangered or threatened species reevaluated?

Every 5 years

T/F: the federal government is able to create recovery plans without input from the state department

False

What does CITES stand for?

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species

What two federal agencies enforce CITES in the United States?

Customs and Border Protection, USFWS Inspection service division

What is the primary purpose of CITES?

to ensure that the trade of wildlife does not threaten their survival

What species are affected by CITES appendix 1?

threatened and endangered species

What species are affected by CITES appendix 2?

species whose trade must be controlled to prevent overutilization

What species are affected by CITES appendix 3?

Species whose trade regulations are requested by at least one CITES party

T/F: the CITES licensure program is mandatory

False

T/F: CITES affects more plant species than animal species

True

What are the main 3 illegal markets for endangered animals?

Food, collectors, and zoos

What does IUCN stand for?

International Union for the Conservation of Nature

What listing system are CITES standards based off?

The IUCN red list