Geog Korea Chapter 10 & 11

Gangbuk

north of the Han River

Gangnam

South of the Han River

South Korea Urban Planning in the 1970s

•Classifying types of land use and implementing green belt

South Korea Urban Planning in the 1980s

•Systematizing basic urban planning over 20 years periods

South Korea Urban Planning in the 1990s

•Focusing on balanced development and quality of life

•Sustainable urban planning with local citizen’s participation

CBD Redevelopment

•Land use change from residential to commercial area

•Efficient land use by skyscrapers.

•Parking space and pedestrian space

•Public space (urban parks)

Residential Redevelopment

•Shift of residential areas from single family to apartments

•Razing deteriorated residential areas

Industrial Redevelopment

•Renovation of dilapidated industrial complexes and traditional markets

Positives of Redevelopment

Efficiency

Urban landscape

Transportation infrastructure

Better quality of life

Negatives of Redevelopment

Dismantled community

Gentrification conflict

Constructive Redevelopment Strategies

Partnership among local people, government and developers

Distributive and procedural justice

Gentrification

a process in which a poor area (as of a city) experiences an influx of middle-class or wealthy people who renovate and rebuild homes and businesses and which often results in an increase in property values and the displacement of earlier, usually poorer residents

Regional Development

•Improving quality of life

•Maximizing (economic) growth

•Minimizing regional polarization

Growth pole direction

top-down

Balanced direction

bottom up

growth pole countries

developING

Balanced countries

developED

growth pole method

focused (concentrated) Investment

balanced method

Investment for depressed regions

Goal of growth pole

•Maximizing economic growth

•Ripple effect

Goal of Balanced

•Economic equity

•Balanced development

Strengths of Growth Pole

Efficient investment

Strengths of Balanced

Democratic investment

Weaknesses of Growth Pole

•Economic polarization

•Lack of local people’s participation

Weaknesses of balanced

•Inefficiency

•Regional collective selfishness

FIRST Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - type

Growth Pole/Top Down

FIRST Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - period

1972~1981

FIRST Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - policies

•Exports-oriented industrialization

•Water resource development

•Social capital (infrastructure)

SECOND Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - type

Region-Wide

SECOND Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - period

1982~1991

SECOND Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - policies

•Population dispersion

•Welfare

•Natural Environment

THIRD Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - type

Balanced

THIRD Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - period

1992~1999

THIRD Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - Policies

•Promotion of regional development

•New-industrial zone

•Inter-Korean exchange

FOURTH Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - type

Green & balanced

FOURTH Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - period

2000~2020

FOURTH Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - policies

•Globalization

•Climate change

•Sustainable

FIFTh Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - type

from development to management

FIFTh Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - period

2020~2040

FIFTh Comprehensive National Physical (Land) Development (South Korea) - policy

•Population decrease

•Climate change

•Utilitarianism

Negative Side Effects of Development
in South Korea

Spatial Inequalities between capital and other regions due to top down strategy

Negative Side Effects of Development
in South Korea

Spatial Inequalities between urban and rural regions due to urban focused growth

•Environmental Inequality

Spatial discord between environmental beneficiaries and victims due to development

NIMBY

Not In my backyard

PIMBY

Please in my backyard

What region has the highest power independence

Incheon

What region has the lowest power independence

Daejeon

What region has the worst air pollutant emissions

Chungcheongnam-do

What region has the best air pollutant emissions

Chungcheongbuk-do

Old power plants in South Korea

Gentrification Diagram

Leonard Maugeri

Theorized we will use up all oil in 20 years

Even though SK does not produce much oil, it is in the top 10 consumer countries, and has changed ____ from 2012

15.9%

resources have a _________ based on technology, economic conditions and cultural backgrounds

changeable value

which mineral does SK have the most of?

Limestone

Resource nationalism 

refers to the various forms of state involvement in extracting, processing, and marketing natural resources. It is a neutral concept that aims to give resource-rich countries more control and a higher share of profits from their natural resource wealth.

What country has the highest risk of resource nationalism?

Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

Why does DRC have the highest risk of resource nationalism

Cobalt mining for battery and electronic components

Classification of resources

natural, human, cultural
renewable, nonrenewable, inbetween

South Korea has _____ non metallic minerals than metallic

more

Iron Ore Provice

Gangwon

Iron Ore is mainly in

North Korea

Tungsten Province

Gangwon

Tungsten Uses

Special steel, alloys

what two countries export a lot of tungsten

SK and China

Limestone provinces

Gangwon, Chungbuk

Limestone uses/advantages

Cement, long lifespan, high amount of production

limestone is found in the _____ layer

paleozoic

kaolin provinces

Gangwon, Kyungbuk, Kyungnam

kaolin uses

Porcelain, brick, cosmetics

1960s energy source

coal and firewood

1970s-80s energy source

Oil

1990s and beyond energy source

moving to natural gas and renewable energy

elecricity is mainly produced by

steam power and nuclear

Geography of power plants

Where are hydroelectric plants located?

Han, Nakdong, Geum, and Youngnsan Rivers where there is large stream flow

Where are nuclear plants located

•Uljin, Gyungju, Busan, Ulsan, where there is firm ground and water accessibility (coast)

where is steam power generated

•Free from natural environment

•Raw material-oriented

•Market-oriented (doesnt make sense but thats what the powerpoint says)

renewable energy geography