Eukaryotes, Fungi, and Algae Lecture Notes

A collection of vocabulary flashcards derived from lecture notes on eukaryotic cells, fungi, and algae, covering key terms and concepts.

Nucleus

The organelle that contains the cell's genetic material.

Nucleolus

A small, dense region in the nucleus where ribosome assembly begins.

Plasma Membrane

The semi-permeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell.

Cytoplasm

The jelly-like fluid inside the cell that contains organelles.

Flagellum

A long, whip-like structure that helps in cell movement.

Mitochondrion

The powerhouse of the cell, where energy is produced.

Ribosome

Cellular structure that synthesizes proteins.

Golgi Apparatus

An organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion.

Lysosome

An organelle that contains digestive enzymes to break down waste materials.

Mycology

The study of fungi.

Fungi

Eukaryotic organisms that absorb nutrients through decomposition.

Zygomycota

Group of fungi known as conjugation fungi, known for producing zygospores.

Ascomycota

Sac fungi characterized by septate hyphae and production of ascospores.

Basidiomycota

Club fungi that produce basidiospores externally on a basidium.

Dimorphic fungi

Fungi that can switch between yeast and mold forms depending on the temperature.

Chlamydoconidium

A thick-walled spore formed within a hyphal segment.

Plasmodial slime molds

A type of slime mold that exists as a mass of protoplasm with multiple nuclei.

Helminths

Parasitic worms classified into two phyla, Platyhelminthes and Nematoda.

Ciliates

Protozoa that move using cilia arranged in precise rows.

Exoenzymes

Enzymes secreted by fungi to absorb nutrients from their environment.

Trophozoite

The active, feeding form of protozoa.

Conidia

Asexual spores produced by certain fungi, not enclosed in a sac.