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22 Terms

1
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Safer Sex Guidelines

Use latex condoms for every sexual encounter; lubricate with nonoxynol-9; avoid oil-based lubricants.

2
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HIV Testing in New Relationships

New partners should undergo HIV testing; abstain from sexual activity for the first 6 months if positive.

3
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Cycle of Violence

Consists of phases: Tension Building, Abusive Incident, Honeymoon Period.

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Definition of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)

Physical or emotional abuse, sexual assault without explicit consent, and isolation.

5
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Maternal Risk Factors During Pregnancy

Include infections, environmental risks, and age-related risks, especially for those over 35 years.

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Naegele’s Rule

Calculating due date using the first day of the last menstrual period, adding 7 days, and subtracting 3 months.

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GPTPAL Acronym

G = Gravida (total pregnancies); P = Para (births after 20 weeks); T = Term births; P = Preterm births; A = Abortions; L = Living children.

8
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Physiologic Changes in Pregnancy

Increased blood volume, higher heart rate, decreased blood pressure during second trimester.

9
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Hygiene During Pregnancy

Avoid raw fish, unpasteurized dairy, smoked seafood, and certain fish high in mercury.

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Fetal Development Weeks 5-10

Development of blood, kidneys, nerve cells, essential organs begin to grow and heart now beats.

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Biophysical Profile (BPP)

Assess how well the baby can function if born prematurely; low score may indicate fetal distress.

12
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Categories of Medications in Pregnancy

Category A = no risk; Category X = contraindicated, known risk to fetus; others have varying risk levels.

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Effects of Prenatal Substance Abuse

Can lead to low birth weight, respiratory issues, fetal alcohol syndrome, and neonatal withdrawal symptoms.

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Common Symptoms of Alcohol Withdrawal in Infants

High-pitched cry, irritability, feeding difficulties, seizures, nasal flaring.

15
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Commonly Abused Substances During Pregnancy

Include nicotine, alcohol, and marijuana; can severely impact fetal development.

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Modes of Communication

Include verbal, nonverbal, electronic, and written communication.

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Types of Communicators

Aggressive, Passive, Assertive; each type has distinct communication styles.

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Backup Contraceptive Methods

Condoms, foam, diaphragm can all be combined for extra protection; use during specific situations.

19
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Withdrawal Method as Contraception

Risk is present as pre-ejaculatory fluid can contain sperm.

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RhoGAM Administration

Given to Rh- mothers at 28 weeks to prevent Rh antibodies in future pregnancies.

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Signs of Pregnancy

Presumptive signs include amenorrhea, fatigue, breast tenderness; probable signs include urine tests and fetal movement.

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Newborn Withdrawal Symptoms

High-pitched crying, tremors, poor feeding/nutrition, seizures.