Vocabulary Workshop Level E Unit 5-8

Altruistic

(adj.) unselfish, concerned with the welfare of others

Synonyms: selfless

Antonyms: selfish, self-centered

Assent

(v.) to express agreement

(n.) agreement

Synonyms: (v.) concur, consent, accede

Antonyms: (v.) disagree, differ, dissent

Benefactor

(n.) one who does good to others

Synonyms: patron, humanitarian

Antonyms: misanthrope, malefactor

Chivalrous

(adj.) marked by honor, courtesy, and courage; knightly

Synonyms: gallant, civil, valiant

Antonyms: crude, uncouth, churlish, loutish

Clemency

(n.) mercy, humaneness; mildness, moderateness

Synonyms: leniency, forbearance, gentleness

Antonyms: harshness, severity, cruelty, inflexibility

Dearth

(n.) a lack, scarcity, inadequate supply; a famine

Synonyms: insufficiency, want, paucity

Antonyms: surplus, oversupply, glut, abundance

Diffident

(adj.) shy, lacking self-confidence; modest, reserved

Synonyms: timid, bashful, unassertive, withdrawn

Antonyms: bold, brash, audacious, self-confident, jaunty

Discrepancy

(n.) a difference; a lack of agreement

Synonyms: disagreement, divergence, inconsistency

Antonyms: agreement, convergence, consistency

Embark

(v.) to go aboard; to make a start; to invest

Synonyms: commence, launch, begin, board

Facile

(adj.) easily done or attained; superficial; ready, fluent; easily shown but not sincerely felt

Synonyms: effortless, assured, poised, specious

Antonyms: labored, awkward, halting

Indomitable

(adj.) unconquerable, refusing to yield

Synonyms: unbeatable, invincible, unyielding

Antonyms: surrendering, submissive, yielding

Infallible

(adj.) free from error; absolutely dependable

Synonyms: unerring, certain

Antonyms: imperfect

Plod

(v.) to walk heavily or slowly; to work slowly

Synonyms: lumber, trudge

Antonyms: scamper, skip, prance

Pungent

(adj.) causing a sharp sensation; stinging, biting

Synonyms: sharp, spicy, piquant, caustic, racy

Antonyms: bland, unappetizing, colorless, insipid

Remiss

(adj.) neglectful in performance of one's duty, careless

Synonyms: negligent, lax, slack

Antonyms: scrupulous, dutiful, punctilious

Repose

(v.) to rest; lie; place

(n.) relaxation, peace of mind, calmness

Synonyms: (v.) sleep; (n.) tranquility, respite

Antonyms: (n.) exertion, wakefulness, tumult, bustle, ado

Temerity

(n.) rashness, boldness

Synonyms: recklessness, foolhardiness, effrontery

Antonyms: timidity, fearfulness, diffidence, humility

Truculent

(adj.) fierce and cruel; aggressive; deadly, destructive; scathingly harsh

Synonyms: brutal, savage, belligerent, vitriolic

Antonyms: gentle, mild, meek, unthreatening

Unfeigned

(adj.) sincere, real, without pretense

Synonyms: genuine, heartfelt

Antonyms: insincere, simulated, phony

Virulent

(adj.) extremely poisonous; full of malice; spiteful

Synonyms: venomous, noxious, baneful, hateful

Antonyms: innocuous, harmless, benign

accede

(v.) to yield to; to assume an office or dignity

Synonyms: consent, concur, comply, assent

Antonyms: demur, balk at

brandish

(v.) to wave or flourish in a menacing or vigorous fashion

Synonyms: swing, shake

comprise

(v.) to include or contain; to be made up of

Synonyms: compose, constitute, encompass

Antonyms: exclude

deft

(adj.) skillful, nimble

Synonyms: dexterous, adroit, proficient, clever, masterful

Antonyms: clumsy, awkward, bungling, inept

destitute

(adj.) deprived of the necessities of life; lacking in

Synonyms: wanting, devoid, penniless

Antonyms: rich, luxurious, bountiful, full, replete

explicit

(adj.) definite, clearly stated

Synonyms: distinct, forthright, unambiguous, clear

Antonyms: vague, ambiguous, implied, implicit

extirpate

(v.) to tear up by the roots; to destroy totally

Synonyms: uproot, eradicate, wipe out, excise

Antonyms: implant, sow, foster, nourish

inopportune

(adj.) coming at a bad time; not appropriate

Synonyms: ill-timed, inconvenient, inappropriate, unsuitable

Antonyms: timely, convenient, felicitous, opportune

ironic

(adj.) suggesting an incongruity between what might be expected and what actually happens; sarcastic

Synonyms: incongruous, satiric, sardonic, wry

Antonyms: straightforward, unequivocal

musty

(adj.) stale, moldy; out-of-date

Synonyms: hackneyed, antiquated

Antonyms: sweet-smelling, up-to-date, brand-new

officious

(adj.) meddling; excessively forward in offering service

Synonyms: meddlesome, prying, impertinent, obtrusive

Antonyms: reserved, diffident, timid, aloof

ominous

(adj.) unfavorable, threatening, of bad omen

Synonyms: unpropitious, inauspicious, portentous

Antonyms: propitious, auspicious, promising

pinnacle

(n.) a high peak or point

Synonyms: apex, acme, summit, apogee

Antonyms: nadir, perigee, low point

premeditated

(adj., part.) considered beforehand, deliberately planned

Synonyms: preplanned, rehearsed, prearranged

Antonyms: unplanned, spontaneous, impromptu

rampant

(adj.) growing without check, running wild

Synonyms: widespread, unrestrained, extravagant, prevalent

Antonyms: controlled, restrained

solace

(n.) comfort, relief

(v.) to comfort, console

Synonyms: (v.) soothe, reassure, cheer up

Antonyms: (v.) vex, aggravate, upset

stately

(adj.) dignified, majestic

Synonyms: grand, magnificent, imposing

Antonyms: lowly, humble, servile, abject

supple

(adj.) bending easily; bending with agility; readily adaptable

Synonyms: flexible, limber, pliable

Antonyms: stiff, rigid, unbending

suppress

(v.) to stop by force, put down

Synonyms: subdue, crush, stifle, squelch, quash, silence

Antonyms: provoke, spur, arouse, incite, instigate

venal

(adj.) open to or marked by bribery or corruption

Synonyms: dishonest, bribable, corruptible, mercenary

Antonyms: honest, incorruptible, scrupulous

abhor

(v.) to regard with horror or loathing; to hate deeply

Synonyms: detest, despise, abominate

Antonyms: admire, cherish, respect, relish

amend

(v.) to change in a formal way; to change for the better

Synonyms: modify, improve, correct

buffet

(v.) to slap or cuff; to strike repeatedly; to drive or force with blows; to force one's way with difficulty;

(n.) a slap, blow

Synonyms: (v.) sock, thump, pummel, toss about

chaos

(n.) great confusion, disorder

Synonyms: anarchy, turmoil

Antonyms: order, regularity, tranquility

commodious

(adj.) roomy, spacious

Synonyms: comfortable, ample, capacious

Antonyms: cramped, claustrophobic, insufficient

corrosive

(adj.) eating away gradually, acidlike; bitterly sarcastic

Synonyms: caustic, mordant, acidulous, spiteful

Antonyms: bland, mild, benign, amiable

discern

(v.) to see clearly, recognize

Synonyms: perceive, detect, distinguish

Antonyms: overlook

extant

(adj.) still existing; not exterminated, destroyed, or lost

Synonyms: surviving, in existence

Antonyms: extinct, vanished

implicate

(v.) to involve in; to connect with or be related to

Synonyms: incriminate, entangle

Antonyms: absolve, exculpate

inter

(v.) to bury, commit to the earth; to consign to oblivion

Antonyms: unearth, exhume

martinet

(n.) a strict disciplinarian; a stickler for the rules

Synonyms: taskmaster, slave driver

obviate

(v.) to anticipate and prevent; to remove, dispose of

Synonyms: preclude, forestall, ward off

renegade

(n.) one who leaves a group; a deserter, outlaw;

(adj.) traitorous; unconventional, unorthodox

Synonyms: (n.) turncoat, heretic

Antonyms: (n.) loyalist, patriot

reprehensible

(adj.) deserving blame or punishment

Synonyms: objectionable, blameworthy, culpable, odious

Antonyms: commendable, blameless, meritorious

somber

(adj.) dark, gloomy; depressed or melancholy in spirit

Synonyms: mournful, dismal

Antonyms: bright, sunny, lighthearted, jaunty

squalid

(adj.) filthy, wretched, debased

Synonyms: dingy, sordid, foul, vile, abject

Antonyms: neat, spruce, exalted, lofty

turbulent

(adj.) disorderly, riotous, violent; stormy

Synonyms: tumultuous, unruly, agitated

Antonyms: calm, placid, tranquil, still

vociferous

(adj.) loud and noisy; compelling attention

Synonyms: clamorous, uproarious, blustering

Antonyms: quiet, soft-spoken, muted, subdued

voluminous

(adj.) of great size; numerous; writing or speaking at great length

Synonyms: bulky, massive, plentiful

Antonyms: scant, meager

waive

(v.) to do without, give up voluntarily; to put off temporarily, defer

Synonyms: decline, relinquish, forgo

Antonyms: claim, accept

animosity

(n.) strong dislike; bitter hostility

Synonyms: enmity, rancor, antipathy

Antonyms: affection, fondness, rapport, amity

apathy

(n.) a lack of feeling, emotion, or interest

Synonyms: indifference, disinterest, detachment

Antonyms: enthusiasm, fervor, ardor, concern

apprehensive

(adj.) fearful or anxious, especially about the future

Synonyms: worried, nervous, fretful, jittery

Antonyms: unworried, assured, confident, certain

commend

(v.) to praise, express approval; to present as worthy of attention; to commit to the care of

Synonyms: applaud, entrust

Antonyms: abhor, loathe

compatible

(adj.) able to get along or work well together; capable of use with some other model or system

Synonyms: harmonious, in agreement

Antonyms: mismatched, incongruous, antagonistic

condolence

(n.) an expression of sympathy

Synonyms: commiseration, solace, sympathy

consecrate

(v.) to make sacred, hallow; to set apart for a special purpose

Synonyms: devote, sanctify

Antonyms: desecrate, profane, dishonor

decrepit

(adj.) old and feeble; worn-out, ruined

Synonyms: infirm, broken-down, rickety

Antonyms: vigorous, robust, sturdy

deride

(v.) to ridicule, laugh at with contempt

Synonyms: mock, scorn, disparage

Antonyms: praise, extol, acclaim, applaud

ingenuous

(adj.) innocent, simple; frank, sincere

Synonyms: naive, artless, guileless, candid

Antonyms: artful, crafty, worldly, sophisticated

multifarious

(adj.) having great variety; numerous and diverse

Synonyms: varied, manifold, heterogeneous

Antonyms: unvaried, uniform, homogeneous

obsolete

(adj.) out-of-date, no longer in use

Synonyms: outmoded, passé, old hat

Antonyms: current, up-to-date, brand-new

omnivorous

(adj.) eating every kind of food; eagerly taking in everything, having a wide variety of tastes

Synonyms: all-devouring, voracious

parsimonious

(adj.) stingy, miserly; meager, poor, small

Synonyms: frugal, niggardly, penny-pinching, cheap

Antonyms: generous, openhanded

quandary

(n.) a state of perplexity or doubt

Synonyms: confusion, dilemma, predicament

recalcitrant

(adj.) stubbornly disobedient, resisting authority

Synonyms: unruly, obstinate, contrary, ornery

Antonyms: obedient, docile, compliant

reprisal

(n.) an injury done in return for injury

Synonyms: retaliation, revenge

revel

(v.) to take great pleasure in

(n.) a wild celebration

Synonyms: (v.) relish, savor, bask in, carouse

Antonyms: (v.) abhor, loathe

stultify

(v.) to make ineffective or useless, cripple; to have a dulling effect on

Synonyms: smother, stifle, neutralize, negate

Antonyms: arouse, excite, inspire, stimulate

suave

(adj.) smoothly agreeable or polite; pleasing to the senses

Synonyms: sophisticated, urbane, polished

Antonyms: crude, clumsy, oafish, loutish