Math 8 - Unit A: Numbers (Perfect Squares, Square Roots, Pythagorean Relationship, Percents)

Flashcards covering key vocabulary from the lecture on Perfect Squares, Square Roots, Pythagorean Relationship, and Percents.

Perfect Square

A number that is the product of the same two factors; it only has an even number of prime factors.

Square Root

A number that when multiplied by itself equals a given amount. Finding the square root is usually written as ", for example, ", "25 = 5."

Factor

One of two or more numbers, that when multiplied together produce a given product; a divisor.

Prime Number

A whole number greater than 1, whose only two whole-number factors are 1 and itself.

Composite Number

A number that is a multiple of at least two numbers other than itself and 1. They are made by multiplying prime numbers.

Prime Factorization

A number written as the product of its prime factors.

Factor Tree

A way of representing the prime factors of a number in a diagram.

Squared (e.g., 52)

The number multiplied by itself; it is the opposite of square root.

Right Triangle

A triangle that has a right angle (90°). The two shorter sides that form the right angle are called the legs, and the longest side is called the hypotenuse.

Legs (of a right triangle)

The two shorter sides that form the right angle in a right triangle.

Hypotenuse

The longest side of a right triangle, located opposite the right angle.

Sum of Angles in a Triangle

The sum of the angles in any triangle is always 180°.

Pythagorean Relationship

The relationship between the lengths of the sides of a right triangle, stating that the sum of the areas of the squares attached to the legs equals the area of the square attached to the hypotenuse (v2 = s2 + t2 where v is the hypotenuse).

Percent

Means 'out of 100'.

Hundred Grid

A grid of 100 squares used to represent percents, where one completely shaded grid represents 100%.